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CD and DVD Media

CD and DVD Media. Optical Drives. Definitions. CD-ROM – Compact Disk, Read Only Media/Memory DVD – Digital Versatile/Video Disk. How it lays out. This time the data is INSIDE the disk:. Label, or not. 1. 0. Data Location. Laser. ISO 9660.

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CD and DVD Media

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  1. CD and DVD Media Optical Drives

  2. Definitions • CD-ROM – Compact Disk, Read Only Media/Memory • DVD – Digital Versatile/Video Disk

  3. How it lays out • This time the data is INSIDE the disk: Label, or not 1 0 Data Location Laser

  4. ISO 9660 • Also called: High Sierra for the hotel in Colorado where standard got developed • Joliet – Microsoft’s extension(s); Mac and Linux support these also. • Rock Ridge – UNIX file system support • El Torito – Bootable CD media • Apple Extensions – Apple’s HFS file system

  5. CD Speed • 1x : Original (and still) audio standard: 150,000Bps or 150KBps • 4x : 600KBps • 24x : The “magic line” • Below this drives and connections were proprietary – and often to sound card • These drives were single speed – always on • At and above 24x • Variable speed – spin up, read, spin down • Uniform connection method (ATAPI-6)

  6. To Burn a CD • Second, more powerful laser (10x read) • Two CD-R formats: 72-minute (650 MB) and 80-minute (700 MB) • Burns organic dye to create pits (0’s) • Need burning software below XP • CD-R is write once, read many • CD-RW is write often, read often (can be erased) • Speeds are <write><re-write><read>; 16x10x40x for mine

  7. UDF • Universal Data Format, replacement for 9660 • Vista supports this but not XP • Supports packet writing • Roxio’s DirectCD and Nero’s InCD allow disk to feel like a hard/floppy disk

  8. DVD • Big step up in capacity: 4.37 GB • Smaller pits, more dense than CD • Single-sided or double-sided • Single layer or double layer • You need decoder (MPEG-2) to watch movies on your PC – most DVD drives ship with them • DVD+R, -R, +RW and –RW

  9. Installation • Master or Slave • Ribbon (data) cable • Sound cable (optional) • Power • You can still find SCSI drives and we are likely to see SATA versions

  10. Buffer Underrun • Fortunately, it is a thing of the past (16x burn rate and slower drives) • No, you don’t see a spec on the buffer size on the drive’s box • BURN-Proof seems to be the maiden name for underrun protection

  11. Troubleshooting • I have had zero luck with trying to clean an optical drive to get it functioning again • Sometimes it’s a compatibility issue… but rare today • Replace the drive

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