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HVACR214 – Electrical for Oil

This lesson covers the essentials of electrical circuits in HVACR systems, emphasizing four key components: source, switch, path, and load. We explore what constitutes an electrical circuit, different types of sources (like batteries and outlets), and the importance of low-resistance paths for efficient current flow. The role of switches as control elements is clarified, along with the concepts of open and closed circuits. The lesson also introduces schematic diagrams, illustrating circuit design, along with safety protocols essential for laboratory work.

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HVACR214 – Electrical for Oil

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  1. HVACR214 – Electrical for Oil Lesson 3 – Electrical for Oil

  2. Circuit • An electrical circuit is a full path for electricity. • A circuit must consist of 4 parts • Source • Switch • Path • Load

  3. Source • A source for a circuit can be • A battery • A transformer (more on that later) • A wall electrical outlet • A power line • A breaker panel • A power plant

  4. Path • A path for an electrical circuit could be • A wire • A circuit board • A piece of grounding strap • A path must have a very low resistance, this allows electrons to move freely and without heat. • A path with a high resistance will heat up.

  5. Switch • A switch is basically a valve or gate that stops the free flow of electrons. • It does this by opening the path. • Now we add two more terms: • Open - A gap (or opening) in the path of a circuit that stops the flow of electrons. • Closed - A path that is complete that allows the flow of electrons.

  6. Load • The portion of an electrical circuit that actually does the work. • This can be • A light bulb - the work is creating heat and light • A motor - the work is turning the shaft. • A heat strip - the work is putting off heat. • A coil - the work is creating a magnetic field.

  7. Picture of a circuit • Pictures of circuits are called Schematic Diagrams. • These diagrams are composed of symbols that represent each part of the circuit. • These symbols are called schematic symbols.

  8. Schematic of a basic circuit N L1 SW1 B1

  9. Schematic of a switch Single Pole - Single Throw Switch Single Pole - Double Throw Switch

  10. Poles and Throw Throw Pole Single Pole - Double Throw Switch

  11. Source on a schematic • Can be labeled L1, L2, N, or anything else. • It is usually at one side of the schematic and everything else works from there.

  12. Loads on a schematic • Loads are shown by either an actual schematic symbol for the load or by a circle with a letter and a key. • Loads are the portion of the circuit that does the work.

  13. A more complex schematic

  14. Shop Safety • Make sure everything you are working with is unplugged and turned off when you are starting your assignment. • Use black wire for line voltage source • Use white wire for line voltage neutral • Use red wire for control voltage source • Use orange wire for control voltage common (neutral)

  15. Shop Safety • Your instructor must check all circuits before you power it up. That means before you plug it in and turn it on the instructor must check it. • Make sure the instructor initials your lab sheet.

  16. First shop project • You are going to build a basic circuit. • Starting on page 13 of your electrical handout you will follow the step by step procedures. • Make sure you ask if you need help or have any questions. • Everyone in the class is expected to wire and complete this assignment.

  17. Shop Circuit #1 N 120V SS SW1 B1

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