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Grade 9 Social Studies

Grade 9 Social Studies. Chapter 5 Prosperity and Depression. The War is Over (1918). Things did not quickly return to normal why? Economy changes from wartime to peacetime economy Europe ’s demand for Canadian goods during the war decreased causing a slump in the economy

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Grade 9 Social Studies

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  1. Grade 9 Social Studies Chapter 5 Prosperity and Depression

  2. The War is Over (1918) • Things did not quickly return to normal why? • Economy changes from wartime to peacetime economy • Europe ’s demand for Canadian goods during the war decreased causing a slump in the economy • Hardest hit were the Maritimes and the Prairies (Fish & Wheat demand declined) • Price of regular goods was going up, but wages were not, causing slow sales • Unemployment went up and many soldiers returning home were out of work.

  3. A Buoyant Economy for Some (1923) • By 1923, Central Canada , BC, and The Prairies, had begun to recover from the economic slump, and entered a period of growth why?

  4. Reasons • Agriculture production increased as the demand went up • Mining activity increased in these areas • Trade with USA increased mostly because of the demand for pulp and paper

  5. Branch Plant Factories(a business owned and controlled by a company in another country) built to avoid tariffs • Changing Technologies increased production: • Technology Changes: • 1) Electricity • 2) Assembly Line • 3) Electric Appliances

  6. Stalled Economy for Others • The Economic boom of the 1920’s did not get to The Maritimes or Newfoundland, why?

  7. Reasons • A decline in shipbuilding after the war • Increased cost of railway freight rates • Lack of electricity in the area, • As a result: • Secondary Industries (Pulp & Paper) slow to develop. • Primary Industries (Farm & Fisheries) exploited (Overused) ** This brought about talks for Maritime Union**

  8. Lifestyle and Technology • The Roaring 20’s - The 1920’s were called this because of the good times and social freedoms. New Technologies brought on mass production

  9. The Haves • In places that prospered, wages increased. People then had more money to spend on new products. • Installment Plans • buy now pay later plans were introduced • as people thought the good times would last for ever, people did not worry about the debt they were gaining.

  10. New Luxury Items for Purchase: • Cars - ownership became possible • Telephones – ¼ families in 1920, by 1929 ¾ of families • Electrical Appliances

  11. The Have Nots • The have nots • those who did not prosper

  12. Who made up the have nots? • Rural Canadians • many worked but had trouble making ends meet (Working Poor) • Immigrants • (Working Poor) • Women • were employed and lost jobs due to the return of the soldiers

  13. First Nations • Government still hoping for assimilation – where first nations would become part of mainstream culture, and give up their own values, beliefs, and cultures. • Assimilation was enforced by government by forcing first nation students into schools where their personal cultures were forbidden.

  14. Leisure/Sport/Changing Attitudes • Leisure activities • included radio and motion pictures (Silent movies) • Sports • included baseball, football, boxing, and hockey • Changing Attitudes • Clubs introduced, dancing, alcohol, and many new types of fashion. All of these things were considered controversial to many.

  15. The Great Depression • Black Tuesday • Oct.29, 1929 • this signified the end of the Roaring 20’s and the beginning of The Great Depression, as The New York Stock Exchange crashed. • Terms to know: • Stock • Share • Dividend • Victory bonds • Interest

  16. Causes • Over spending in the 20’s • Credit was too easy • Over production • Close connection to the US Economy • Decrease in International Trade • Bank Failures • Unemployment Grew

  17. Depression lasted most of the 1930’s, and only recovered with the start of World War II.

  18. Social Conditions • Unemployment ruined lives • Disadvantaged groups conditions worsened • Luxury items almost all but disappeared • People were homeless and hungry • No Government programs to help those in need

  19. People in need resorted to: • Begging • Working in relief camps to help build roads etc. • Some became hobos and rode the rails

  20. Escape From Hard Times • Children found ways to entertain themselves (imagination) • These were times of creativity and resourcefulness

  21. Political Changes • Canadians lost faith in Political parties • New parties were formed as result • New parties brought new ideas

  22. New Political Parties 1) Communist Party • all people share in the prosperity equally 2) Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) • a coalition of farmers, labor union leaders, and professors, they believed in private ownership and government services

  23. 3) Social Credit Party • felt the Government should hand over money to people to get the economy moving again. 4) National Party of Quebec • a group of former Liberals and Conservatives who had ideas for change to the end the Depression

  24. Note: • None of these parties ways ended the depression, times just gradually started to improve due to WWII

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