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Understanding Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures: A Guide to Basic Chemistry Concepts

This text explores the fundamental characteristics of substances in chemistry, focusing on elements, compounds, and mixtures. An element is a pure substance made of one type of atom, such as oxygen or hydrogen, while compounds consist of two or more different elements chemically combined, like water (H2O) or carbon dioxide (CO2). In contrast, mixtures are simply combinations of substances that retain their individual properties, like air or soil. The guide explains these concepts, their definitions, and examples, providing a foundational understanding of matter in the universe.

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Understanding Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures: A Guide to Basic Chemistry Concepts

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Characteristics of Substances Elements, compounds, mixtures

  2. Atoms Smallest piece

  3. Elements Red block Blue block Each type of Atom is called an Element

  4. Elements are substances made up of only one type of atom. • Example:

  5. MoleculesA molecule is made up of two or more atoms chemically combined. O H H Water (H2O)

  6. Chemical Reaction Element or Molecules combining together = > Chemical Reaction O O H + H H H Water (H2O)

  7. Aristotle's Elements Earth Air Fire Water

  8. What is an Element ? • Everything in the Universe is made from Elements • There are over 100 elements • The most common element in the Universe is Hydrogen • The Term “Element” was introduced by an Irish scientist Robert Boyle – • “Simple Substance”

  9. Element An Element is a substance that cannot be split up into simpler substances by chemical means.

  10. Common Elements

  11. Oxygen – Most abundant Element in Earths Crust

  12. What is this ?

  13. Periodic Table of Elements

  14. Symbols • Each Element is given a unique Symbol • First letter of its name (H, C, O) • First two letters of its name (Si, Ne, Li) • Taken from its Latin name (Pb, Fe, Au)

  15. Metals

  16. Non Metals

  17. Atom An Atom is the smallest particle of an Element that still retains the properties of that element.

  18. What’s inside the atom?

  19. Compounds A Compound is a substance that is made up of two ore more different elements combined chemically together.

  20. Compounds O H H Water (H2O) H Methane (CH4) O C O C H H Carbon Dioxide (CO2) H

  21. Compound ? O O Oxygen (O2) H H Hydrogen (H2)

  22. When a compound is formed during a chemical reaction its properties differ from those of the elements from which it is made

  23. Mixtures • A mixture consists of two or more different substances mingled together but not chemically combined. • Examples: Sea – water and salt Air – nitrogen, oxygen … Soil – sand, clay, humus …

  24. Mixture vs Compound MIXTURE COMPOUND

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