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Comprehensive Guide to Ethernet and Packet Formatting for Data Communication

This document outlines the essential components of Ethernet frames and various packet types used for communication between hosts and hardware. It covers Ethernet headers, IP/TCP/UDP headers, and details specific packet formats such as RMAP packets, data packets, and their respective source and destination ports. The guide emphasizes the importance of MAC and IP addresses in Ethernet communication while providing references to relevant protocols like ARP, DHCP, and UDP. This resource serves as a practical reference for implementing effective data communication protocols.

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Comprehensive Guide to Ethernet and Packet Formatting for Data Communication

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  1. CR KitPacket Formatting WINLAB Rutgers University Date : June 11 2010 Authors : Khanh Le, kle@winlab.rutgers.edu Prasanthi Maddala, prasanthi.m@gmail.com

  2. Outline • Ethernet Frame, IP/TCP/UDP headers • Packet types • Host -> HW : three packet types • RMAP packets (register map read/write) • Data packets • TCP/IP packets • HW -> Host : three packet types • RMAP packets (read data) • Data packets • TCP/IP packets

  3. CR Kit Packet Format • Ex. 1) RMAP packet to HW : UDP src port = 00, UDP dest port = 00 • 2) Data packets to HW : UDP src port = 02, UDP dest port = 02 • 3) RMAP packet to HOST: UDP src port = 00, UDP dest port = 00 • 4) RMAP INTR packet to HOST: UDP src port = 01, UDP dest port = 01 • 5) Data packet to HOST: UDP src port = 02, UDP dest port = 02 • Ethernet Header : • Board MAC address : fixed value • Host MAC Address : machine dependent e.g. as defined by Ethernet card • IP Header : • Board IP : 192.168.0.0 • Host IP : 192.168.0.1 • UDP for board level communication e.g. RMAP and data packets • HOST -> HW : • UDP port 1000 – RMAP • UDP port 1001 – INTR (not used for Host -> HW) • UDP port 1002 – Data • HW -> HOST : • UDP port 1000 – RMAP • UDP port 1001 – INTR • UDP port 1002 – Data • TCP for any other applications e.g. ARP, DHCP.

  4. Ethernet Frame (source : wikipedia) • 802.1Q header is NOT used. • Type II Ethernet Frame format for TCP/IP application. • EtherType = 0x0800 (IPv4), 0x0806 (ARP) • Ethernet payload = 46-1500 bytes • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet_frame

  5. EtherType(source : wikipedia)

  6. IPv4 packet header 1/3 (source : wikipedia) • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv4#Header

  7. IPv4 packet header 2/3 (source : wikipedia) • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv4#Header

  8. IPv4 packet header 3/3 (source : wikipedia) • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv4#Header

  9. Fragmentation and Reassembly 1/2 (source : wikipedia) • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv4#Header

  10. Fragmentation and Reassembly 2/2 (source : wikipedia) • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv4#Header

  11. TCP (source : wikipedia) • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol

  12. UDP (source : wikipedia) • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_Datagram_Protocol

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