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Introduction to Virtualization

Introduction to Virtualization Michael Otey Technical Director Windows IT Pro Magazine What this session covers Types of Virtualization Hardware Virtualization Virtual Machine Virtualization Application Virtualization Future directions in Virtualization Hardware Partitioning

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Introduction to Virtualization

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  1. Introduction to Virtualization Michael Otey Technical Director Windows IT Pro Magazine

  2. What this session covers • Types of Virtualization • Hardware Virtualization • Virtual Machine Virtualization • Application Virtualization • Future directions in Virtualization

  3. Hardware Partitioning

  4. Scenarios for Hardware Partitioning • Server Consolidation • Reduced TCO • Increased server utilization • Separate production and test environments • Application Isolation

  5. Hardware Partitioning • Physical system is divided into multiple partitions • One or more CPUs per partition • Full electrical isolation between partitions • Redundant hardware components

  6. Hardware Partitioning • High-end Servers • HP Itanium • Unisys ES7000 • Fujitsu PrimeQuest • Multiple hardware partitions • Up to 8 • Assignment of physical resource per partition • CPUs • Memory • I/O • Cluster “in-a-box” support

  7. Hardware Partitioning Summary • Can Consolidate multiple servers • Reduced administration • Requires high-end servers • Usually Itanium based • Can be expensive • Limited number of partitions

  8. Virtual Machine Virtualization

  9. Virtualization Scenarios • Server consolidation • Multiple OS & Application support • Lab and Deployment Testing • Training • Disaster Recovery • Application Isolation

  10. Virtual Machine Virtualization V i r t u a l Applications Applications Applications Guest OS(Windows NT) Guest OS(Windows 2000) Guest OS(Windows 2003) Virtual Machine Virtual Machine Virtual Machine P h y s i c a l Virtual Machine Manager Host Operating System System Hardware

  11. Virtualization Overview • Virtual Machine Guest Environment

  12. VM Hard Disk Options • Virtual Hard Disks • Fixed • Dynamic • Virtual Hard Disk Features • Snapshots • Undo disks • Differencing Disks

  13. VM Networking Options • Virtual Networking • None • Internal • External (Bridged)

  14. Virtual Machine Additions • Installed after the guest OS • Typically from installed IS image • Improves VM performance • Enhanced SVGA video drivers • Improved mouse support • Drag-and-drop with the host • Time synchronization

  15. 64-bit Support • 64-bit host support • Windows Server SE and EE x64 • x64 eliminates physical memory restrictions • 64-bit Virtual Machine Manager • Larger kernel address space

  16. Virtual Machine Types and Uses • Desktop Products • Development • Testing • Training • Server Products • Server consolidation • Disaster Recovery • High Availability • Testing and deployment

  17. Virtual Machine Products • Desktop • VMware Workstation 5.5 • Virtual PC 2004

  18. VMware Workstation 5.5 • First VM Product • 64-bit host & guests • 2-way virtual SMP • SCSI VHDs • Multiple snapshots • Compatible VM images w/ Virtual Server • Can Import MS VM Images • USB & Audio support • $189

  19. VMware Workstation 5.5 • Supported Hosts

  20. VMware Workstation 5.5 • Supported Guests

  21. Virtual PC 2004 • Technology from Connectix • 32-bit only • Compatible VM Images w/ MS Virtual Server • VPC 2007 w/ Vista • Audio – no USD • Now Free

  22. Supported Hosts Supported Guests Virtual PC 2004

  23. Virtual Desktop Products Summary • Microsoft Virtual PC • Free • Less hosts & guests support • Less VM features and capabilities • Soon to be replaced by Virtual PC 2007 • VMware Workstation • Costs more • More host & guests support • Better features (Snapshots, USB) • 64-bit hosts and guests

  24. Virtual Server Products • Server Products • VMware Virtual Server 1.01 • Microsoft Virtual Server 2005 R2 • VMware ESX Server 3.0 • Others: XEN 3.0 & Virtuozzo

  25. VMware Virtual Server • Features • 64-bit host & guest support • Virtual SMP Support • USB Support • VM Snapshots • Import MS VM Images • Windows and Web Management • Central Management with VirtualCenter • Limitations • No support for host clustering

  26. VMware Virtual Server • Supported Hosts

  27. VMware Virtual Server • Supported Guests

  28. Virtual Server 2005 R2 • Features • 64-bit host support • Web-based management • New support for Linux distributions • Support for MSCS • Limitations • No 64-bit guest support • No guest audio • No guest USB

  29. VS2005 R2 MSCS Host Support • Support for Microsoft Clustering Services • Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition or Datacenter Edition • VS is MSCS cluster-aware • Eliminates single point of failure • Automatic VM startup

  30. Windows Server 2003 R2 • Applies to any virtualization product running on Windows Server 2003 R2 • VM licensing changes • Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition R2 • Base OS • Four additional VM OS • Windows Server 2003 Datacenter Edition • Unlimited VMs

  31. VMware ESX Server 3.0 • Leader in the enterprise virtualization products • Bare metal installation • No host OS • Best performance

  32. ESX Server Overview V i r t u a l Applications Applications Applications Guest OS(Linux) Guest OS(Windows 2000) Guest OS(Windows 2003) Virtual Machine Virtual Machine Virtual Machine P h y s i c a l Virtual Machine Manager (ESX Server) System Hardware

  33. VMware ESX Server 3.0 • Features • CPU virtualization – 4-way Virtual SMP • Direct SAN LUN mapping, boot from SAN • Up to 16GB RAM per VM • Can import MS VM Images • Can cluster VMs across physical hosts • Centralized management using VirtualCenter • Not free: • $1000 Standard Edition • $5750 Enterprise Edition

  34. VMware ESX Server 3.0 • Limitations • Unfamiliar management for Windows administrators • No official support for MSCS host • No USB support in the guests

  35. VMware ESX Server 3.0 • Supported 32-bit Guests

  36. VMware ESX Server 3.0 • 64-bit Guests • Windows 2003 64-bit SP1 (Standard, Enterprise) • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 64-bit (UP6, UP7) • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 64-bit (UP2, UP3) • SuSE Linux Server (SLES) 9 64-bit (SP3) • Solaris 10 1/062

  37. Other Virtualization platforms • XEN • XEN 3.0 -- Open source • Limited guest support • Requires OS Source code changes • XEN Enterprise – commercial • Windows and Linux support • Virtuozzo • Linux roots • Virtualizes the OS rather than the hardware

  38. Virtual Servers Summary • VMware Virtual Server • Free, excellent host and guest support • 64-bit host and guest support • No clustering support • Microsoft Virtual Server 2002 R2 • Free, Microsoft-only hosts, good guest support • 64-bit host support, no 64-bit guest support • Support Microsoft Clustering for hosts (Both benefit for Windows Server 2003 R2 licensing)

  39. Virtual Servers Summary • ESX Server • Highest costs, bare metal performance • Virtual SMP, highest guest capacities • No clustering for hosts, clustering for guests • XEN • Free, open source, requires OS source code changes • Virtuozzo • Not free, virtualizes OS not hardware

  40. Application Virtualization

  41. Application Virtualization Scenarios • Legacy applications • Incompatible applications • End of DLL Hell • No OS changes • Can be coupled w/ AD or other management frameworks for client management and deployment

  42. Application Virtualization • Runs as an application • Virtualizes OS settings • Registry • File System

  43. Application Virtualization Products • Softricity SoftGrid • Application virtualization • Deployment • Altiris Software Virtualization Solution • Application virtualization

  44. Softricity SoftGrid • $5000 base price w/ 20 CALs • Purchased by Microsoft • Requires AD • Requires a backend applications server • On-demand deployment • Streams software to clients • Policy-based management

  45. SoftGrid Overview • Install SoftGrip Application Server • Deploy SoftGrid Clients • Add SoftGrid Application Groups to AD • Sequence target applications • Assign applications to SoftGrid AD groups

  46. Softricity Overview

  47. Altiris SVS • Free • No complex infrastructure requirements • Implemented as a file system filter driver • Redirects registry and file system calls

  48. Altiris SVS Overview • Install SVS on the client • Create an application layer • Install the target application into the application layer • Activate the application layer

  49. Future Directions in Virtualization

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