Sultan Qaboos University College of Engineering

1. Sultan Qaboos University College of Engineering SULTANAH

2. OUR TEAM • 4th team working on the submarine • 1st team: • 3 members • Hull Design and general setup of the Submarine • 2st team: • 3 members • MAIN FRAME • 3nd team: • 4 members • Mechanical Components • 4rd team: • Mechanical component, fixing, and testing

3. Members • 5 members Senior Mechanical Engineering Students: • Members: • Haifa Al-Salmi • Hamed Al-Amri • Hussein Al-Rashdi • Ishaq Al-Hassani(Rider) • Khaleel Al-Riyami • Khalid Al-Sawwafi (leader) • Supervisors: • Dr.Jamil Abdo • Dr.Nabeel Al-Rawahi

4. Goals Team: • To be the first team from the Arabic world to participate in the ISR • Try our best to achieve one of the top places in the race, and if not the benefit from the experience as a whole is a prize itself • Gain valuable team building experience • Having Fun Submarine: • Create an innovative submarine • Design with high priority for the safety of the pilot • To achieve maximum speed by using an optimized hull form and reducing pilot workload ,we are aiming for a speed of 8 knots (approx 4m/s) • To design a control system which will provide the maximum and smoothest control possible

5. Sultanah • SULTANA was the first ship from the Sultanate of Oman to visit the New World • In 1839 Sayyid Sai’d bin Sultan ruler of Oman ordered his ship the SULTANA to set sail for America on a trade mission. • Started its journey on February 1840 and arrived on 30 April 1840 to New York. • The voyage was not a commercial success but its marks the point of successful friendly relations between the two countries that continue to this day.

6. L D Overview • Elliptical shaped hull • Window at front • 4 fins with Alerions • 2 bladed propeller • Weight: 105kg • Diameter = 0.760 ± 0.002 m • Length = 3.300 ± 0.03 m

7. Design philosophy • Gain valuable team building experience • Split the tasks and make each person in charge of a task • And making sure that everyone in the team understands what's going on • Conducting many brain storming sessions • Learning from previous designs

8. Design and Fabrication

9. Sultanah’s hull • An elliptical shape was selected, then modifications have been carried in order to reduce the drag force further. • Using one of the best standards “ National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics” NACA shapes.> NACA shapes divided into different groups, each one called series. • 6-series in NACA shape found to be the most appropriate for our situation in designing the submarine. • First a sketch of the desired shape was generated using “Design Foil” software. • Then Microsoft math was used to come up with 2-D ‘cross section’ drawing for the submarine. • Finally, inventor was used to generate the 3-D model of the hull.

10. Material selection for the hull

11. Sultanah’s hull >> Hull was fabricated using the process of molding:

12. PropulsionSystem

13. Pedaling system and chain The pedals The crank set The chain The freewheel

14. Gearbox • Spiral Bevel Gears • Ratio: 3:1 • Weight: 2 Kg • Combined Chain and Gearbox provides a ratio of 6:1.

15. Shaft • 3 dimensions for the aluminum shafts were selected and compared • 20mm Aluminum solid shaft(max stress=329,574) • 20mm outer diameter 15mm inner diameter aluminum hollow shaft (max stress=365,199) • 20mm outer diameter 18inner diameter aluminum hollow shaft(max stress=832,750) • All the shafts are 780mm in length • Yield strength Al=414Mpa • 15-20H was chosen since the results are very close to the solid shaft but the weight is much more less .

16. Propeller • Two-bladed configuration • Professional software, JAVAProp, was used to design the propeller. • The program inputs are the targets for designing the propeller which are velocity, RPM, and power. velocity = 4.12 m/sRPM = 300 Power = 294 w • The outputs are efficiency, thrust and pitch. We tried different blade angle for the same angle of attack. The highest efficiency, 86%, and thrust, 272.5 N,

17. Control(Steering system) • The main function is to move submarine in the up, and down, left, and right directions. • The material used for the steering system is Aluminum. • The system is controlled by cables

18. Control(Steering system) Manual Steering by cables: • Advantages: • Easy to connect • Easy to maintain • Low cost • Disadvantages: • Needs high energy to overcome friction • Needs to be maintained more regularly • Slightly slow response • After taking into consideration all the advantages and the disadvantages the manual steering system was chosen over the hydraulic system.

19. Control

20. Life Support System • Aluminum 80 SCUBA tank • Tank allows more than 2/3 leftover air volume at the end of one run • Spare air bottle, attached to the riders weight belt.

21. Safety • Submarine Safety Markings • Hatches • Control Surfaces • Control Surface Guard • Propeller • Strobe Light • Visible 360° • Emergency Buoy • Alerts crew to injured pilot

22. Design door locks

23. Strobe Light& Mechanism of Emergency Buoy

24. Testing and Training (Training) 5 days of training to get the “Open water diving license” At a diving school located in Sidab(Diving knight) In addition to diving ,fitness training’s were regularly done by the crew members

25. Journal and Budget

26. Sponsorship • 3 Sponsors: • Qalhat LNG SAOC • DryDocks Oman • STRABAG Oman L.L.C

27. Conclusion • We built the first submarine from Asia • Hull is made from fiber glass • It is a one man propulsion system • Proplusion system made of pedals, chain, gearbox, shaft, and finally propeller • Manual steering system