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Key Leaders Shaping Postwar Europe: Adenauer, Brandt, De Gaulle, and Thatcher

Explore the pivotal roles played by major leaders in postwar Europe, including West Germany's Konrad Adenauer, who guided the nation through its economic revival, and Willy Brandt, a proponent of Ostpolitik who won the Nobel Peace Prize. Witness Charles de Gaulle's influence in ending the Algerian War and transforming Europe's political landscape. Discover Margaret Thatcher's impact on the UK's welfare state and her confrontations in Northern Ireland. This video captures the essence of their contributions toward European cooperation and unity.

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Key Leaders Shaping Postwar Europe: Adenauer, Brandt, De Gaulle, and Thatcher

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  1. POSTWAR EUROPEAN LEADERS

  2. KONRAD ADENAUER – WEST GERMANY • “THE OLD MAN” • Not a Nazi, a Christian Democrat • Presided as Chancellor over West German “Economic Miracle” • Voted by nation as one of Germany’s greatest leaders. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NYcnP-lZvRM

  3. WALTER ULBRICHT – EAST GERMANY • German Democratic Republic • Unrest in 1953 • Constant migration across border into West Germany

  4. WILLY BRANDT • Social Democrat • Escaped to Norway in 1930s, came back to Germany in 1946 • Mayor of West Berlin • Chancellor of West Germany, 1969-1974 • Ostpolitik – wins Nobel Peace Prize in 1970

  5. At the Berlin Wall (with Robert Kennedy), and in Warsaw memorial

  6. CHARLES DE GAULLE

  7. ENDS ALGERIAN WAR, 1962

  8. MANY EUROPEAN COUNTRIES ADOPT “THE WELFARE STATE”

  9. MARGARET THATCHER -Conservative Curbs British welfare state in 1980s Challenges unions’ power Takes a hard stand in Northern Ireland Falklands War, 1982 Encourages Bush against Iraq, 1990

  10. NORTHERN IRELAND – Catholic civil rights protests attacked

  11. BLOODY SUNDAY, 1972 – British paratroopers shoot down 14 at a civil rights march

  12. IRA GAINS FROM VIOLENCE – civil war kills thousands until 1999

  13. BOMBINGS, ASSASSINATIONS

  14. EUROPEAN COOPERATION • 1947 – CEEC – Council for European Economic Cooperation for countries that took Marshall Plan aid. • 1950- Jean Monnet and Robert Schumann help create European Coal and Steel Community – Six countries – France, West Germany, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg • Later called Common Market or European Community - 1957

  15. More Cooperation • More countries join between 1973 and 1986 – Britain, Ireland, Denmark, Greece, Portugal, Spain • 1993 Maastricht Treaty – European Union (EU). European parliament and common currency instituted. Free travel without passports allowed throughout EU. • Former Communist countries of eastern Europe join in recent years. Currently 27 members • http://europa.eu/abc/history/animated_map/index_en.htm • http://europa.eu/about-eu/countries/index_en.htm

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