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WAP

WAP. -Presented By- Arati Avhad Shirali Agrawal Xue Li. What is WAP?. What led to this new Technology?.

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WAP

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  1. WAP -Presented By- Arati Avhad Shirali Agrawal Xue Li

  2. What is WAP?

  3. What led to this new Technology? • Checking your accounts before shopping or ordering tickets for tonight's concert no longer requires a PC. The demand for access to information anywhere and anytime has led to a new technology -Wireless Application Protocol, abrreviated to WAP.

  4. The WAP Forum • Its founder members include Nokia, Ericsson, Motorola and Phone.com. • Essentailly, WAP is the technology that makes it possible to link wireless devices (such as mobile phones) to the Internet by translating internet information so it can be displayed on the display screen of a mobile telephone or other portable devices.

  5. What Exactly is WAP? • Is an applicaton communication protocol • Is used to access services and information • Is inherited from internet standards • Is for handheld devices such as mobile phones • Enables the creating of web applications for mobile devices by using the mark-up language WML .

  6. Special Constraints • Small screen size. Only a small amount of information can be displayed at once. • Limited processing power. • Lack of a full keyboard, making it awkward for the user to enter information. There are some handheld devices that feature a full keyboard, but they are the exception.

  7. Special Constraints • Slow connection speeds. Currently, wireless connection speeds are around 9600 bits per second. • Costly access. Users are generally paying by the minute or the kilobyte to use a wireless application. It is important to allow them to access information

  8. WAP Application Architecture • Follows client-server paradigm used by the Internet • WAP gateway

  9. a) WAP used to access the Internetb) WAP used to access an intranetc) the Internet architecture

  10. Components in WAP • WAP Device • WAP Client, WAP Browser, Microbrowser • User Agent • WAP Gateway • Network Operator • Bearer Services • Content/Origin/Application Server

  11. WAP Client • WAE User Agent(Wireless Application Environment User Agent) • WTA User Agent(Wireless Telephony Applications User Agent) • WAP Stack

  12. WAP Gateway (1) • Protocol conversion — connecting different types of network

  13. WAP Gateway (2) • Encoding / Decoding

  14. WAP Gateway (3) • Translates of encrypted data • Implements interface for each of the bearers • Provides interface for accessing WTA server

  15. WAP Protocol Stack

  16. WAP Layers and Web Protocol Stack

  17. Wireless Application Environment • WML (Wireless Markup Language) • WMLScript • WTA

  18. WML • Byte-encoded for optimization • Well formed and Valid • Decks of cards • cards, image, task and event, variables and context An example: <wml> <card id=“card1” title=“Welcome”> <p>Hello WAP developer!</p> <do type=“pre” name=“back” label=“Return”></pre></do><br> <a href=“#card2”>Next</a> <onevent type=“onpick”><go href=“choice.wml”></onevent> </card> </wml>

  19. WMLScript • Based on ECMAScript • Is compiled into binary files called compilation units • A dynamically typed language (data type: integer, boolean, floating point, string) • Validating the input (data type: invalid) • Access to the device facilities • Methods of interacting with the user (e.g. display error messages)

  20. WTA and WTAI An example of a Public WTAI function: This function may be accessed from the WMLScript as the following library call: WTAPublic.make Call(“4221234”); Alternatively, it may be accessed from WML through the following URL: Wtai://wp/mc;4221234;

  21. Wireless Session Protocol • Primitives • Connection oriented session services Push: Confirmed push Unconfirmed push • Connectionless session services

  22. Wireless Transaction Protocol • Unreliable Request • Reliable Request • Reliable Request with on Result Message

  23. Wireless Transport Layer Security (optional) Privacy, Server Authentication, Client Authentication, Data Integrity

  24. Wireless Networks

  25. WAP Applications • M-commerce- shopping, ticket purchases, reservations, comparison shopping • Finance- statements, fund transfer, shares trading • M-billing- notification, presentation, payment of bills • Enterprise Access- inventory, shipment/sales updates, email access • Entertainment- games, gambling, interactive multiplayer events

  26. WAP Applications • Messaging- Email, SMS, chat • Travel- Scheduling, reservations, advisories • M-care- customer service, payment status, other backroom operations • Location-smart services- traffic reports, parking information, store discounts, event recommendations • PUSHed services- The services which are provided with no request made by the user. Email alerts, stock alerts, special deal notifications

  27. Why WAP? • The number of people having wireless devices are more than the people having PC • Access to information/services anytime from anywhere

  28. Existing WAP Sites • College on the move – The Central Carolina Technical College’s WAP site http://wap.sum.tec.sc.us • WAP Portal- http://wap.wapportal.com • ElectricNews.Net- tech news via WAP http://adlib.ie/enn/waphome.wml • Continental Airline- Flight status, itinerary, schedules, seat availability at http://pda.continental.com • UK Entertainment Center- http://www.ents24.com/index.wml • And Many More…

  29. What’s Next… • WAP 2.0 will support… • XHTML (WML2) • TCP • Color graphics • Animation • Large file downloading • Location-smart services • Pop-up/context sensitive menus • Data synchronization with desktop PIM

  30. What’s Next… • WAP over General Packet Radio Service • GPRS is a packet-switched technology • Faster than conventional GSM/CDMA technology. GPRS will respond to data transfer request in less than 0.25 seconds compared to at least 30 seconds with GSM • Always connected • With GPRS Data transfer rate will be between 20 and 30 Kbps compared to 9.6 Kbps over GSM

  31. What’s Next… • WAP over Bluetooth • Enables the user to connect through, and interact with devices in their proximity. • Phone enabled with WAP over Bluetooth can be used as an interactive remote control.

  32. What’s Next… • WAP and VoiceXML • Enables data input/output in the form of Voice • Enables Voice Browsing

  33. What’s Next… • Power consumption is a very critical issue and even if high speeds are available power considerations may limit the data speeds.

  34. What’s Next… • By 2004, the number of WAP users across the globe is estimated to grow to well over 300 million (source: Ovum). In part, this growth is driven by the introduction of General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), WAP 2.0, Bluetooth, VoiceXML and Mobile Commerce.

  35. Thank You!!!

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