CIS 310 Management Information Systems Green Computing Guthrie, Winter 2013

1. CIS 310 Management Information SystemsGreen ComputingGuthrie, Winter 2013

2. Technologies and Processes that are Environmentally Friendly • Design • Product longevity • Disposal of toxic materials • Telecommuting • E-Commerce Delivery • Data center design • Technologies • Virtualization • Grid computing • Cloud computing

3. Technology and the Environment • eWaste • 2.5 million tons of e-waste ends up in landfills. • Only 25% of e-waste is recycled. • Toxic chemicals: lead, mercury, arsenic, and cadmium • e-waste recycling generates $5 billion in revenue yearly

4. Technology and the Environment • Energy consumption • Data centers waste up to 90% of the power they use. (idle servers, unused capacity) • Worldwide data center power use is 30 billion watts (equivalent to 30 nuclear power plants) • “A single data center can take more power than a medium-size town.” • “Google’s data centers consume nearly 300 million watts and Facebook’s about 60 million watts.”

5. Energy Consumption = Carbon Emission Greener Data Center = Saved $$$$

6. Google Public Data Explorer • CO2 Emissions per capita

7. Productlongevity –Cell Phone Replacement

8. Product longevity (contd.) • If your dvd player breaks, do you: • Buy a new one • Try to fix it • Pay someone to fix it • Laptop Replacement every 2 Years • Servers …about 4- 5 years • Gameboy (1989), Gameboy Color (1998), Game Boy Advance (2001), DS (2004), DS Lite (2009), 3DS (2011)

9. Product longevity • Upgradeable Products • Cell Phone, upgrade the OS so you have more capability. • Multi-purpose products • Servers – virtualization: server can run several different things in one box. • Phone is your GPS, radio, game device, tv and …phone.

10. Disposal of toxic materials - phones • How many phones were thrown away in 2009 us? 5 million • Is my phone toxic? • Newer phones areless toxic. • Phones are almost entirely recyclable. Source: ifixit.org

11. eWaste – EPA FAQ • “For every million cell phones we recycle, 35,274 pounds of copper, 772 pounds of silver, 75 pounds of gold, and 33 pounds of palladium can be recovered. Recovering metals from used cell phones can reduce extraction of raw metals from the earth.” • “In 2009, discarded TVs, computers, peripherals (including printers, scanners, fax machines) mice, keyboards, and cell phones totaled about 2.37 million short tons.” • “In 2009, approximately 25 percent of TVs, computer products, and cell phones that were ready for end-of-life management were collected for recycling. Cell phones were recycled at a rate of approximately 8 percent.” • “…lead, nickel, cadmium, and mercury, could pose risks to human health “

12. eWaste Disposal • How do I get rid of an old cell phone? • Make sure the contract is over. • Make sure you’ve removed all your information. • Consider donating it. • Phones4charity.org • Sellcell.com will give you $ for your old phone. • Google It Route 66 Self Storage 450 E. Foothill Blvd, Pomona, CA, 91767Mon-Sat: 9:00am-6:00pmSun: 10:00am - 4:00pm

13. Telecommuting • Instead of driving to work, you work from home or a tele-center. • Benefits: • No commute time • More productive to work without interruption • Losses: • Isolation • Visibility to management

14. E CommerceDelivery • Smart routing of shipments • Trucking infrastructure is enormous • Being able to smartly plan routing lets you: • Save gas • Improve delivery times • UPS - “Last year, the delivery company saved 3 million gallons of gas nationwide and shaved 30 million miles off its delivery routes by reconfiguring its routes to turn right as often as possible.” (WRAL.com, 2008) • 7% of fuel burned while idling.

15. Data Center Design • Virtualization • Cloud computing (Doesn’t this just put the carbon footprint somewhere else?) • Cooling Design • Keep an appropriate temperature Cool the right things • Water cooling & Air-side economizers • Power management • automate power saving • Scalable data center

16. End • What country has the highest CO2 emissions per captia? • What country has the best recycling programs in the world? • Does one Google search have a carbon emission? • It’s easy to scale your data center? T/F USA Switzerland, USA is #7 Yes No

17. Virtualization & Grid Computing Guthrie, Winter 2013

18. Virtualization • Old Server Configurations. • Costs • Servers • Maintenance • Power • Data Center Space & Cooling • Unused Processing Power (90-95% per server) Apps OS Apps OS Apps OS Apps OS

19. Virtualization • New Environment • Instead of 1000 servers, you could have 200. • Maintenace, Labor, Cost is all reduced. Virtualization Hardware Apps OS Apps OS Apps OS Apps OS

20. Example 1, Rigel Capital, LLC • Investment management firm. • Trading needs to be quick. MIS needs to be reliable and • Went from ‘multiple single-use physical servers’ to ‘two VMware servers’ • Results • Disaster recovery went from hours to minutes • Create a new server virtually instead of purchasing new hardware • Consolidation of servers makes it easier to cool AllCovered.Com

21. Grid Computing Apps OS Apps OS Apps OS Apps OS Scheduler

22. Example 2, DreamWorks • 2001, Shrek: 6 terabytes of data, 5 million render hours. • 2010, How to Train Your Dragon: 100 terabytes of data, 50 million render hours. • Giant ‘farm’ of servers to do all the processing. Grid computing allowed them to distribute the processing load and finish sooner. Enterthegrid.com

23. Example 3, SETI • SETI Institute at Berkeley • Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) • People can ‘donate’ their unused computer power to help SETI search tons of data for signs of life in outer space. • Running SETI@home, BOINC software: • “When you run SETI@home on your computer, it will use part of the computer's CPU power, disk space, and network bandwidth. You can control how much of your resources are used by SETI@home, and when it uses them.”

24. End • How much processing power is typically used in a server? • What runs on a server? • What does virtualization mean? • Can Grid computing find extraterrestrial life? 5-10% An OS and an Application. Running several OS& Apps in one box. It hasn’t so far.

25. Cloud Computing Guthrie, Winter 2013

26. Cloud Computing = Internet

27. Cloud Computing cloud In house farm

28. Cloud Computing farm

29. Google’s Server Farms or Data Centers

30. Data Farms • Headlines • Fjord Cooled Data Center in Norway is the Worlds Greenest Data Center • Facebook to Build Server Farm at the Artic Circle • Economies • Maintenance • Labor • Dynamic Scaling • Backup and Recovery • Cost

31. Cloud Computing Problems • Security • Access – if you lose Internet, it’s over • Isn’t always as easy as it seams • Service from a giant host might not be as good as what you get in-house • Locked in to a specific service provider

32. Services from the Cloud • Platform as a Service (PaaS) • Software as a Service (SaaS) • Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

33. End • Why is cloud computing considered a green technology for the data center? • What are the three major areas that cloud providers give service? • Name one disadvantage of Cloud Computing. Cloud service providers can use virtualization and efficient cooling that have a smaller CO2 emission than a regular firm. IaaS, PaaS & SaaS You need internet access to make it work. Security.

34. Sources • Glanz, James. The Cloud Factories, Power Pollution and the Internet, New York Times, 9/22/2012. • Kyle, Chemical Analysis Reveals Newer Phones Have Fewer Toxics, 10/2/2012. • EPA E-Waste FAQ • Mildwurf Bruce, UPS Saving Money, Fuel Just by Turning Right, 7/28/2008. • Presidio Economics. E-Waste Generates Additional Revenues for Consumer Electronic Retailers, Triple Pundit, 5/31/2012. • Rigel Capital LLC, Building Reliability and Security into your IT Infrastructure. • Dreamworks, Enter the Grid, 3/26/2010. • The SETI Institute.