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Understanding Mental Health: Causes, Disorders & Treatment Options

Explore the causes, warning signs, and classifications of mental illness such as anxiety, depression, and personality disorders. Learn about eating disorders, anxiety disorders, mood disorders, dissociative disorders, and seeking professional help and therapy options.

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Understanding Mental Health: Causes, Disorders & Treatment Options

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  1. Mental Health

  2. What Causes Mental Illness? • Environment • Experiences • Self-esteem • Physical Causes • Body chemistry • Disease • Toxins and drugs • Heredity • Genetic

  3. Warning Signs • Anxiety • Depression • Sudden change in mood or behavior • Physical complaints • Psychosomatic • Poor performance

  4. Classifications of Mental Disorders • Neurosis • Anxiety disorders, depression & phobias • Common and easily treated • Personality • Dissaociative disorders • Not curable • Psychosis • Schizophrenia • Difficult to function in the real world

  5. Eating Disorders • Behaviors that are the result of deep emotional problems related to self-image and self-esteem. • Disordered eating as a result of a mental condition. • Bulimia: • Bingeing on food then purging to avoid weight gain • Anorexia Nervosa: • Excessive dieting resulting in a state of self-starvation

  6. Anxiety Disorders • General Anxiety Disorder: Constant feeling of anxiety and fear with physical symptoms like increased heart rate, shortness of breath, perspiration, shaking, and diarrhea • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Persistent recurring thoughts accompanied with the need to repeatedly perform some action, such as repeatedly washing one’s hands.

  7. Anxiety Disorders Continued • Panic Disorder • Intense feelings of terror that occur suddenly without cause • Phobia • Persistent fear of something: Hydrophobia (fear of water), claustrophobia (fear of small, enclosed spaces), Agoraphobia (fear of public places)

  8. Dissociative Disorders • A person believes that sometimes he or she is really someone else. • Amnesia • Loss of Memory • Multiple Personality Disorder • Having two or more distinct personalities, which can show different physical conditions and are often the exact opposite of each other

  9. Mood Disorders • Mood Disorders: • One mood is experienced almost to the exclusion of other feelings • Usually for a long time and interrupts a person’s ability to complete daily activities. Depression is the most common. • Bipolar Disorder (Manic-Depression) • Experiencing exaggerated feelings of euphoria, irritability, depression; exaggerated mood swings; reckless behavior • Depression • Experiencing feelings of sadness, loneliness, and hopelessness for an extended period of time

  10. Personality Disorders • Traits that negatively affect a person’s ability to get along with others • Aggression • Behavior that displays an inner conflict between being dependent and being assertive, which results in erratic moods • Paranoia • Consistent mistrust of others for no reason • Antisocial Personality Disorder • Showing a preference to remain distant from others

  11. Other Disorders • Organic Disorders • Mental and emotional disorders resulting from a physical cause • Schizophrenia • Impaired perceptions, thinking processes, emotional health, and physical activity • Hypochondriasis (A Somatoform Disorder) • Believing and showing signs of serious illness without any physical cause

  12. Seeking Help • When to seek professional help: • Prolonged feeling of depression and hopelessness • Feeling that life is out of control • The inability to concentrate and make decisions • Difficulty getting along with family and friends • Intense fears • Persistent difficulty sleeping • Emotional problems coping with a physical illness • Inability to stop destructive behaviors like drinking, overeating, and abusing drugs

  13. Therapy • Medication • Talk Therapy • Group Therapy • Play Therapy • Alternative • Relaxation techniques, meditation, music therapy or art therapy

  14. Professional Careers in Mental Health • Psychiatrist • Prescribes medicine • Psychologist • Diagnoses and treats • Counselors

  15. People With Healthy Personalities… • Are self-disciplined • Are trustworthy • Like themselves • Are responsible • Will help others

  16. People With Healthy Personalities… • Feel valuable • Get along well with others • Express emotions in healthful ways • Solve problems in a constructive manner • Have a philosophy and purpose of life

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