1. Sample Forward Osmosis Mini-Poster Anita Bathe & Ollie Tabooger CHEG 4139: Chemical Engineering Laboratory Objective This experiment was conducted in order to observe the impact of membrane orientation on the performance of a forward osmosis (FO) membrane. Both water and salt flux were measured to assess membrane behavior Key Equations Water Flux: Jw = A(dpi) Salt Flux: Js = B(dC) Where J is flux of water or salt, A is hydraulic permability, B is salt permeability, pi is osmotic pressure, and C is draw solution concentration. Process Put a system diagram or photo here. Don’t forget a caption! Results After performing a diagnostic RO test with the membrane, it was determined that A = 1 LMH/bar at T = 20 °C, the temperature of the FO test. As the figure to the side shows, in PRO mode, the membrane has a 30% reduction in hydraulic permeability compared to the RO data. In FO mode, the membrane shows a 50% reduction in hydraulic permeability. This result is caused by concentration polarization, (CP) a phenomenon that decreases the driving force for water flux. CP is worse for FO-mode membranes because salt can permeate into the membrane, reducing the net driving force. Put your figure here. So fancy! Conclusions The data has shown that for the FO process, if higher water fluxes are desired, the membranes should be operated in the PRO mode. [just a few concluding/summarizing remarks] References Anastasio, Handsome Dan’s Membrane Handbook Mulder, Basic Principles of Membrane Technology [don’t reference the documentation directly]