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Vanuatu seismic and volcano monitoring neTwork

Esline Garaebiti, Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department (VMGD) Sylvain Todman , Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department (VMGD). Vanuatu seismic and volcano monitoring neTwork. IRIS Metadata Workshop, 9 th to 13 th of January 2011, Bangkok, Thailand

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Vanuatu seismic and volcano monitoring neTwork

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  1. Esline Garaebiti, Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department (VMGD) Sylvain Todman, Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department (VMGD) Vanuatu seismic and volcano monitoring neTwork IRIS Metadata Workshop, 9th to 13th of January 2011, Bangkok, Thailand “MANAGING WAVEFORM DATA AND RELATED METADATA FOR SEISMIC NETWORKS”

  2. Vanuatu Geographical location Geographical location Extracted from one DGMWR report - Located in the south west Pacific, east of Australia

  3. Tectonic setting and Seismic activity in the region • Two subduction Zones: • Western subduction belt from PNG to Vanuatu • The Eastern subduction Belt from Tonga down to NZ • The Vanuatu trench limiting 2 subducting the indo-Australian plate in the west and the Pacific Plate on the east side of the trench • Converging velocities of plates 12cm/year in North and South, 3,5cm/year in central • High seismic activity in the area with depth ranging from 0 to 500 km. • Tsunami-genic earthquake and volcanoes Zones • Historical tsunami occurrences with casualties (PNG in 1998, Vanuatu 1999, Solomon 2007, Tonga and Samoa, 2009 ….) Pacific plate Indo-Australian Plate

  4. Seismicity in Vanuatu (USGS) • Strong earthquakes • Torres, Magnitude7.9 in 1997, 7.8 in 2009 • Ambrym, Magnitude7.5 in 1999, casualties • Santo, Magnitude7.0 in 2000 and in 2007 • Port Vila, Magnitude 7.3 in 2002, and 7.5 in 2010, 7.2 in 2011 • Torres, M7.8, 7.3 in 2009 • South Vanuatu, Magnitude 7.3 in 2010 and 2011 Torres 7.9 (1997) 7.8 (2009) 7.3,(2009) Nord Santo 7.0 (2000, 2007) Central Ambrym 7.5 (1999) Port Vila 7.2 (2002) 7.5 (2010) 7.2,2011 Sud • Seismic gapat central and south Vanuau Tanna 7.3 (2010) Est Loyauté 7.2 (2003/07) Extrème sud

  5. Vanuatu volcano and Seismic monitoring Network • Volcano monitoring network • 1 permanent , CMG-40, Q330 • 4 in temporary stations • 2 CMG-40, Q330 • 4 trillium 120s • 1 CMG-6TD • MINISEED format • Data still to be transmitted in RT, stations still to be integrated into SEISCOMP3

  6. Local seismic network on Efate, with 3 stations up and running, 1 yet to be installed. • 3 seismic stations • 2 SP stations 1 Hz station L4D3 • 1Episensor • Data format SEED • VLF telemetry system • Data processing and analysis by SEISSAN and SEISCOMP3 Vanuatu volcano and Seismic monitoring Network (cont.)

  7. 1 Geoscope station in Santo • 1 STS2 • 1 Quanterra Q330 • 1 Episensor • Transfer of data through ADS • 4 stations for research purposes • Guralp CMG_40 • DM24 • NDC of CTBTO installed in the VMGD head office in may 2011 • Geohazards Observatory operates SEISCOMP3 since March 2011 Vanuatu volcano and Seismic monitoring Network (cont.)

  8. Common network with New caledonia • 3 SP and 1 BB stations in Vanuatu Spread along the Island arc • 7 BB stations in New caledonia • Data are shared through a seedlink, server donc, redistributed by the IRIS server in real time (rtserve.iris.washington.edu) • Each network operates SEISCOMP3 Vanuatu New Caledonia

  9. Automatic Seismic Detection in VMGD

  10. Seismic event of 2012/01/08 at 21:51:47.6 UTC , Local time : 2012/01/09 at 08:51:47in Vanuatu Islands Magnitude : M 5.1 Depth : 12 km Latitude : 17.43 S Longitude : 167.99 E Detected in : 2 min 27 sec Example of Local SEISMIC EVENT

  11. Volcano Alert Bulletins • Earthquake information bulletins • Tsunami advisory bulletins • Dissemination by • Email • Website: www.geohazards.vanuatu.gov.vu Information dissemination

  12. International Alert System: • USGS (Internet web service) & PTWC (CISN Display, Tide tool) Internal Alert System with SEISCOMP3: • Step 1: Seiscomp3 earthquake automatic detection • Step 2: Internal earthquake Alert system • Local earthquake (Vanuatu – NC) : Magnitude > 4.5 • Regional earthquake (SWP region): Magnitude > 6.2 • International earthquake: Magnitude > 7.2 • Step 3: Email and SMS notification to on-duty staff • Step 4: Confirmation by Geohazards on-duty officer • Decisions taken by earthquakes threshold, M7,5 for regional and distant tsunami, M7,1 for local tsunami • Step 5: Tsunami Advisory produced by Forecast on-duty officer Earthquake & tsunami alert system

  13. Future plans for Vanuatu and the Pacific region • Vanuatu network • Automatize Tsunami Warning and earthquake alerts • Integration of all existing monitoring stations in Vanuatu (Volcano and seismic) into SEISCOMP • Add other future stations into the system Existing seismic network Volcano monitoring network Future seismic stations Fiji Vanuatu New Caledonia • Merge of Vanuatu-New Caledonia network (> 10 stations , quick determination ) • Repeat networking pattern with other networks, Fiji/Tonga, Samoa, PNG and Solomon networks

  14. Thank you for your attention

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