1. GHANA CALLS FOR FULL IMPLEMENTATION OF ITU_T RES 76 HIGHLIGHTS BACKGROUND CHALLENGES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES NEGATIVE IMPACT THE PROPOSAL

2. BACKGROUND • Authority for Action • WTDC-10, Res. 47, WTSA-08 Res. 76 and the PP-10 Res .177 have been adopted. • ITU Council-2009 endorsed those Res considering their importance to developing countries in bridging the digital divide. • C & I Resolutions request following actions • Awareness creation • capacity building through workshops & training programmes • Establishment of test centres in developing countries • Interoperability events • Conformity database

3. Background cont. • Actions are led by TSB and BDT • TSB has set-up C&I database • Manufacturers must make visible declaration of conformity • Only about 2% of 3000+ ITU-T Recommendations have test specifications • TSB/SG has to work hard to increase this percentage • Database experiencing slow patronage due to lack of • co-operation by manufacturers and vendors • Acceptance from some developed countries

4. Challenges in Developing countries • Problems continue to exist after 4 years of adoption • High cost of proprietary equipment • Core and backhaul networks • Problem of end user affordability • Non interoperable hardware devices and software applications • core network • Poor QoS delivery • Proliferation of sub-standard ICT devices and terminals as a result of • lack of testing labs in developing markets, • Lack of adequate of monitoring of the influx of ICT equipment • Lack of understanding of the test reports and different interpretations • capacity building challenges (personnel) • regulatory non compliance

5. Challenges • Silent policy and regulatory framework • None existence of MRAs • Poor market surveillance capabilities • Regulatory vacuum • Difficulty in Type approving and certifying equipment due to • different interpretations of specification by manufacturers

6. The Negative Impact for Africa Economies • Increase in ICT digital divide and standardisation gap; counter productive to ITU-T Res. 44 • Inadequate technical and financial capabilities • Absence of C& I testing do not facilitate the uptake of technology and services • Less consumer confidence in Regulatory bodies • Some obsolete and legacy ICT equipment • Interfaces and protocols of such systems are incompatible with modern (NGN) systems

7. Real time problems_ Mobile Operators

8. ITU Conformity Database and Benefits DCs • Better exposure for vendors • Opportunity for small and emerging vendors • Higher probability of interoperability • Assist better interpretation and understanding of standards, testing and test results • Facilitate MRAs, Regulatory and Policy framework

9. The Proposals • Ghana requests Director TSB to intensify efforts to ensure a full implementation ITU-T Res 76 during the next study period • Vendors need to support TSB efforts in bridging the digital divide through adopted resolutions • Res. 76, 44 etc. • May require protocol and equipment security implementation. • a recommendation for investigation by appropriate SG

10. Proposal cont. • Africa group should support the TSB efforts in implementing C&I database program • to guide our national standards development • The group should collaborate with the Director TSB to implement the recommended actions on • Resolution 76 (Johannesburg, 2008) and as endorsed • by ITU Council in 2009; • We should continue to dialogue • until Res. 76, 44 and 177 become fully implemented at least for the benefit of DC.

11. Worldwide Lists of Certification, Testing and Accreditation bodies • A number of private and government entities provide voluntary • certification, testing laboratory and accreditation database schemes • Global Certification Forum • GCF operates a certification scheme for mobile phones and wireless devices based on 3GPP standards. • CTIA – The Wireless Association administers: • PTCRB scheme for GSM and UMTS devices in the USA • CDMA Certification Forum for CDMA2000 devices for the global market • CTIA Battery Certification Program for IEEE 1725 – 2006 and IEEE 1625 – 2008 rechargeable batteries • Bluetooth Compatibility Certification Program

12. WiFi Alliance • operates certification programs for products based on IEEE 802.11 standards. • WiMAX Forum • certifies interoperability of IEEE 802.16e products. • Metro Ethernet Forum (MEF) • manages certification programs for Carrier Ethernet equipment and services . • Broadband Forum (BBF) • test specifications for DSL and TDM services over MPLS, • accredits independent DSL testing laboratories • administers an MPLS certification program. • MPLS in mobile backhaul certified products

13. HomeGrid Forum • develops a G.hn compliance and interoperability programme. • IEEE Conformity Assessment Programme (ICAP) • offers a Product Conformance Registry for manufacturers to register products that conform to IEEE specifications and a Test Lab Registry for testing laboratories. • IEEE 1588 Conformity Alliance • ensures conformance to the IEEE 1588 "Standard for a Precision Clock Synchronization Protocol for Networked Measurement and Control Systems". • CableLabs • produce specifications with the aim of developing interoperable cable devices such as cable modems, set-top boxes, digital TVs and telephony devices. • SIPForum • has established a programme for supplier declaration of compliance with the SIPconnect technical specification.

14. Why not ITU?