Chapter 4: Spain Builds an Empire

Chapter 4: Spain Builds an Empire Lesson 2: Different Worlds Collide

Different worlds collide • Tenochtitlan • New Spain • Mexico City • Cuzco • Lima • Places

Different worlds collide • Moctezuma • Hernando Cortez • Dona Marina • Francisco Pizarro • Atahualpa • People

Different worlds collide • Conquistador • Ally • Conquest • Convert • Colonist • Vocabulary

Different worlds collide • Moctezuma and Hernando Cortez knew of each other even before they met in 1519. • Cortez was from Cuba and arrived in Mexico nine months before Moctezuma • The Aztecs Are Conquered

Different worlds collide • The Spanish began establishing colonies in the Caribbean Sea • Stories told of great riches in Mexico and Cortez and others wanted some of the Aztec wealth • The Aztecs Are Conquered

Different worlds collide • Cortez was one of a group of soldiers who became known as conquistadors – conquerors • Cortez faced a major challenge in defeating the Aztec • Cortez and his 500 men were outnumbered by the Aztec • The Aztecs Are Conquered

Different worlds collide • Cortez did have a few advantages over the Aztec • Metal armor protected the Spanish from the Aztec’s stone weapons • The Spanish soldiers had muskets – kind of rifle • The Aztecs Are Conquered

Different worlds collide • Bullets could easily pierce the cloth suits of the Aztecs • Conquistadors also had horses t hat frightened the Aztecs • Native said, “the horses ran like deer and could catch anyone • The Aztecs Are Conquered

Different worlds collide • Cortez also had allies • An ally is a friend willing to help in fight • The people Cortez met on the way to Tenochtitlan did not want to live under the Aztec rule • These people decided to help Cortez defeat the Aztec • The Aztecs Are Conquered

Different worlds collide • One of Cortez allies was an Aztec woman named Dona Marina • She spoke several Indian languages and the Native languages of Mexico • The Aztecs Are Conquered

Different worlds collide • Dona Marina helped Cortez to persuade thousands to join him • Dona Marina is describe as “an excellent person and good interpreter • The Aztecs Are Conquered

Different worlds collide • An important ally for the Spanish was the disease of smallpox • Historians believe that the Aztecs caught smallpox after Cortez arrived • The Aztecs Are Conquered

Different worlds collide • After their meeting in 1519, Moctezuma agreed to let Cortez stay in Tenochtitlan • After a year, the Aztecs rose up and threw the Spanish out of that city • The Aztecs Are Conquered

Different worlds collide • Moctezuma was killed and Cortez escaped • Cortez returned in 1520 with many more Natives as allies • In 1521 the mightiest empire of the Americas fell to the conquistadors • The Aztecs Are Conquered

Different worlds collide • One of the oldest cities in the Western Hemisphere • Was built on the ruins of Tenochtitlan • Today, archaeologists find evidence of the ancient Aztec capital right in the center of the modern city • Mexico City

Different worlds collide • After the conquest of the Aztec, the Spanish destroyed Tenochtitlan • A conquest is the capture or taking of something by force • Smallpox continued to take the lives of the Natives of Mexico • Founding New Spain

Different worlds collide • In 1535 Spain established the colony of New Spain • The capital of New Spain was Mexico City • Today Mexico City is the capital of Mexico • Founding New Spain

Different worlds collide • Spanish officials set up a government, made laws, and build schools and universities • Roman Catholic priest came to convert (change) native peoples from their religions to Christianity • Founding New Spain

Different worlds collide • Spanish leaders discouraged native peoples from sacrificing people to their gods • Colonist came from Spain • Colonists hoped to gain wealth by farming, businesses and gold/silver mining • Founding New Spain

Different worlds collide • There was another powerful native empire to the south of Mexico • This was the Incas • The Inca controlled a huge area of land in western South America • The Conquests Continue

Different worlds collide • Ten years after the conquest of Mexico, Spain sent Francisco Pizarro to conquer the Incas • Pizarro captured the Incan ruler Atahualpa in 1532 • The Conquests Continue

Different worlds collide • In 1533, Pizarro captured the Inca capital city of Cuzco • By 1535 Pizarro founded a new capital called Lima in the colony of Peru – today Lima is still the capital of Peru • The Conquests Continue

Different worlds collide • Conflict continued between the Spanish and the natives • Some natives fought back only to face defeat • A new culture was born – part Indian, part Spanish • The Conquests Continue

Different worlds collide

Chapter 4: Spain Builds an Empire