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Spain’s Empire in the Americas

Spain’s Empire in the Americas. 2.2. Spanish Conquistadors. Spain quickly colonized the new lands in the Americas Conquistadors set out from bases on the islands and explored the rest of the Americas Cortĕs and Pizarro Cortĕs and 500 soldiers march into Mexico

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Spain’s Empire in the Americas

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  1. Spain’s Empire in the Americas 2.2

  2. Spanish Conquistadors • Spain quickly colonized the new lands in the Americas • Conquistadors set out from bases on the islands and explored the rest of the Americas • Cortĕs and Pizarro • Cortĕs and 500 soldiers march into Mexico • After being pushed out of the city by the Aztecs the Spanish returned • Took control of Tenochtitlan with the help of a legend, the conquered local people, and disease • Although Moctezuma offered gold this just made the Spanish want more

  3. Spanish Conquistadors • Pizarro did the same to the Inca • Captured the Inca (leader) • Used force to take control • Why the Spanish were Victorious • Technology • Horses • Aztecs and Inca were divided

  4. Spanish Explorers in North America • Spanish also explored North America • Ponce de Leōn explored Florida • ÁlvarNúñezCabeza de Vaca explored the Gulf Coast • was captured before finding his way to Mexico City • Heard stories of 7 cities of gold • Hernando De Soto explored the southeastern US including the Mississippi • Francisco Coronado explored the southwest

  5. Colonizing Spanish America • Spain originally allowed the conquistadors to keep the lands they conquered, but this didn’t work • Harsh Life for Native Americans • Built large plantations • Used encomiendas – a system of land grants that allowed the colonists to tax the Native Americans and/or force them to work • Bartolomé de Las Casas, a priest, didn’t like the conditions and was able to get the Spanish government to change the encomienda system • The Spanish also built missions to spread the good news

  6. Colonizing Spanish America • The trade in humans • Since many of the Native Americans died due to the poor treatment and disease the plantations needed laborers • brought in slaves from Africa

  7. Society in Spanish Colonies • There was a rigid and distinct hierarchy in the Spanish colonies • Top, peninsulares, • the people born in Spain • almost all gov. positions • Creoles • both parents were born in Spain • Most rich merchants and plantation owners • Mestizos • Mixed Spanish and Indian parentage • Could be successful but could not reach upper levels of society • Bottom, Mulattos • Mixed Spanish and African heritage

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