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Ministry of Justice and the Police Dept. of Corrections

The Norwegian correctional reform plans. Riga, March 17th, 2011. Gerhard Ploeg, senior adviser. Ministry of Justice and the Police Dept. of Corrections. What will I speak about?. How did we get there? Crime and punishment in Norway Corrections: goals and organisation

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Ministry of Justice and the Police Dept. of Corrections

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  1. The Norwegian correctional reform plans Riga, March 17th, 2011 Gerhard Ploeg, senior adviser Ministry of Justice and the Police Dept. of Corrections

  2. What will I speak about? • How did we get there? • Crime and punishment in Norway • Corrections: goals and organisation • What more can we do? • Principles and policy-development VERY LOW RECIDIVISM RATES

  3. Crime development

  4. Crime development

  5. Crime development

  6. Crime development

  7. Prison Numbers Average daily number of prisoners and prison – population rate in some countries N Rate USA 2,292,000 743 Russia 825,400 582 Latvia 7,055 314 England & Wales 83,055 150 Norway 3,446 71 Liechtenstein 10 28 Source: ICPS World Prison Brief, January 2011

  8. Correctional Services of Norway State Organisation Probation – Prison

  9. Goals The Correctional Services are • responsible for carrying out remands in custody and penal sanctions in a way that takes into consideration • the security of all citizens and • attempts to prevent recidivism • by enabling the offenders, through their own initiatives, to change their criminal behaviour.

  10. Goals SECURITY REHABILITATION

  11. Organisation

  12. Organisation Central level in the Ministry of Justice Six regional offices 44 prisons and 17 probation main offices Oslo: 392 Mosjøen: 12 Average: ca. 70

  13. High-security or closed prison 2427 = 63,4%

  14. Lower-security or open prison 1192 = 31,2 %

  15. Half-way house 104 = 2,7 %

  16. Probation service main tasks

  17. Probation service main tasks • Community sentence 48 % • Pre-sentence report 29 % • Conditional release 15 % • Intoxicated drivers program 9 %

  18. Staff • Ca. 3,500 fte working in prisons • Ca. 300 fte working in probation • Ca. 450 fte in Staff Academy and ICT-service

  19. Prison officer training • Two-year education at academic level • Psychology, sociology, criminology, law, social work • Conflict management, ethics and human rights • Post-training courses in various working methods and programmes • Salary during education

  20. Plans for the Future White Paper: ”Punishment that works” (September 2008)

  21. A safer community • High-security prison is necessary for some • Better rehabilitation is necessary • for all

  22. Inmate’s living conditions • Addiction • Low education • Unemployment • Homeless • Below povertyline 60 % 40 % 80 % 70 % 40 %

  23. Reintegration guarantee • A place to live • Some form of income • Identity papers If relevant an offer of: • Education • Employment • Health services • Addiction treatment • Debt counselling The whole government!

  24. More community sanctions Community sentences Drug Court Intoxicated drivers programme

  25. Principle of normality = no stricter than necessary The punishment is the deprivation of liberty Security: enough is enough A life as normal as possible

  26. Import model • Medical, educational, employment, clerical and library services are provided from outside • Continuity • Involvement • Budget

  27. Variation in prison sentence execution More and sooner to an open prison Conditional release Treatment institution Halfway house Electronic monitoring

  28. Returning Voluntary organsations Network outside office hours Family and friends • Regulations for leave • More parental guidance • More phonetime / visiting hours • Better visiting facilities

  29. Recidivism • All prisoners released and all community sentences started in 2005 • Follow-up period of two years • Recidivism = new conviction to prison or community sentence Source: ”Retur”, Nordic Research Group, 2010

  30. Recidivism Source: ”Retur”, Nordic Research Group, 2010

  31. The general public on penal goals REVENGE GENERAL DETERRENCE SPECIAL DETERRENCE INCAPACITATION REHABILITATION

  32. The general public on penal goals REHABILITATION GENERAL DETERRENCE REVENGE INCAPACITATION SPECIAL DETERRENCE

  33. The right direction??

  34. Thank you for your attention! gerhard.ploeg@jd.dep.no tel. +47 22 24 55 73 www.kriminalomsorgen.no Twitter: @gerhardploeg

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