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Christianity and the Middle Ages

Christianity and the Middle Ages. Christianity. Monotheistic Is an Abrahamic religion Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Bah’ai Begins in the middle of the 1 st century as a part of Judaism 2 different ideas on its start Founded by God A response to the issues in the Jewish religion

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Christianity and the Middle Ages

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  1. Christianity and the Middle Ages

  2. Christianity • Monotheistic • Is an Abrahamic religion • Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Bah’ai • Begins in the middle of the 1st century as a part of Judaism • 2 different ideas on its start • Founded by God • A response to the issues in the Jewish religion • Centers around Jesus Christ

  3. Christianity • Starts with Jesus of Nazareth (Mary and Joseph’s son) • Jesus was the son of God • He was a prophet and messiah • Preached for a world of love, charity, and humility and to abandon worldly concerns • This new religion appealed to the poorer classes • Jesus was killed around 30 CE • Christians believe he was resurrected 3 days later, and goes to Heaven 40 days later

  4. Christianity • Christians tend to follow the Bible, Church, Pope • Holy Book of Christianity • Tells of history, Jesus’ life, expectations, and rules • Christians follow the 10 Commandments • How to live ones life • Christianity slowly becomes the main religion in Europe • Catholicism • The Catholic Church is one of the main forces in politics in Europe for a long time

  5. Knight Vocabulary • Knight  an armored solider on a horse • Armor  metal or material that protects you • Middle Ages  middle times of Europe (1000-1600 CE) • Chivalry  a code of honour for knights • Jousting  fighting on horse with long sticks • Courtesy  good manners, polite • Page  a boy who worked for a knight • Squire  a knights assistant and bodyguard

  6. Knighthood • Only about 10% of the population were in the ‘Knight’ social class • Knights wore heavy metal armor • Up to 35kg • Knights rode horses, fought for the Lord or King, and usually lived in a castle • Knights swore to be chivalrous • To follow a code of honour • To be brave, generous, truthful, protect women and children, love and strengthen the Church

  7. Medieval Weapons

  8. Knighthood • Few knights were truly chivalrous • They were mean to serfs and peasants • Laws had to be passed to stop knights from beating serfs • Knights practiced fighting and war • Favourite sport was jousting • Always working to improve physically • Worth more to their lords • Kept social status and lands

  9. Education of a Knight • Age 7/8  Page • A noble’s son would be sent to live with a knight • Page’s duties • Waiting table, learning to ride and fight, play music and sing, learning about literature, courtesy • Age 14/15  Squire • Young man would serve as a knights assistant and bodyguard, learn about fighting and warfare, care and use of weapons, hunting with dogs and hawks • Age 21/22  Knighthood • Became a knight with a ceremony • Had to be able to buy their own armour (very expensive)

  10. The Hundred Years’ War • Between France and England • Over who would be king of France • War lasted from 1338 – 1453 • Often long truces (no fighting) • Did not fight in the winter • Armies spent more time moving than fighting • Armies burnt peasant homes, destroyed crops, and took farmers food

  11. The Hundred Years’ War • At the beginning war was fought with knights • English and French knights could fight equally as well as each other • Knights got stuck in mud, trapped in armour, and horses got tired • French knights would not fight anyone of ‘low’ birth, only other knights

  12. The Hundred Years’ War • The English army had archers • Bow’s and arrows • Bows were 2m long and had 1m arrows • The archers arrows could go through metal armour • French Knights would not fight the archers • Archers would fire arrows at knights • Archers made knights, and metal armour, useless in battle

  13. Castles and Siege Technology • Castles were large stone houses, good for keeping enemies out • Siege means to surround a castle in order to take it

  14. Joan of Arc • 1429 – a French 17 year old appeared at the French Court • Said that Angels were speaking to her • Said the Angels told her to attack the British • Convinces Henry V’s oldest son givers her armour, a white flag, and enough troops to attack the British • She won, drove the English out

  15. Joan of Arc • Joan of Arc was a great leader • Went with Charles VII when he became king • Won many battles • In 1431, she was captured • King Charles refused to pay money to get her back • She was put on trial for being a witch

  16. Joan of Arc • Many people thought she was • A woman, acting like a man? • May 30th, 1431, she was burned at the stake • 19 years old • She became a French heroine • Made the King stronger, nobles weaker • Helped to end Feudalism • Started making people think like a country, not little lands

  17. Weekend Homework You will be writing a historical research essay. Please pick three topics you may want to write about. Then give three different things you might talk about for each topic.

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