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Douglas Bryman University of British Columbia

Douglas Bryman University of British Columbia. APS May 3, 2011. Energy Frontier. New Physics. Direct production of new particles. Precision Frontier Flavor Physics. DARK Matter Frontier. Higher Mass Scales?. COSMOLOGICAL EVOLUTION, BBN. LEPTOGENESIS?. New Physics found at LHC

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Douglas Bryman University of British Columbia

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  1. Douglas Bryman University of British Columbia APS May 3, 2011

  2. Energy Frontier New Physics Direct production of new particles Precision Frontier Flavor Physics DARK Matter Frontier Higher Mass Scales? COSMOLOGICAL EVOLUTION, BBN LEPTOGENESIS?

  3. New Physics found at LHC New particles with unknown flavor- and CP-violating couplings New Physics NOT found at LHC Precision flavor-physics experiments needed -> sensitive to NP at mass scales beyond the reach of the LHC (through virtual effects). Precision flavor-physics experiments needed to help sort out the flavor- and CP-violating couplings of the NP.

  4. A single effective operator • Dominated by top quark (charm significant, but controlled) • Hadronic matrix element shared with Ke3 • Uncertainty from CKM elements (will improve) • Remain clean in most New Physics models (unlike many other observables) Brod, Gorbahn, Stamou PR D83, 034030 (2011)

  5. Summary of SM Theory Uncertainties With foreseeable improvements, expect total SM theory error ≤6%. Unmatched by any other FCNC process (K or B). A. Kronfeld CKM parameter uncertainties dominate the error budget today. 30% deviation from the SM would be a 5 signal of NP U. Haisch, arXiv:0707.3098

  6. General MSSM with R-parity E949 already provides a significant constraint. Buras et al, NP B714,103(2005) SM R Parity: R = (-1)2j+3B+L.

  7. 7 E787/E949 100 Future? 1000

  8. Next Generation Experiments CERN NA-62 first generation decay-in-flight experiment. KOTO: 2nd try with ~same setup as KEK ( ) • Builds on NA-31/NA-48 • Un-separated GHz beam • Aim: ~40 events/yr at SM • Under construction; start >2012 75 GeV Improved J-PARC Beam line (Eventually) higher power Aim: 2.8 events (S/B~1) at SM Under construction; start >2011

  9. I Experimentally weak signatures: backgrounds exceed signals by >1010 II • Determine everything possible about the K and  • +/µ+ particle ID better than 106 (+→ µ + → e+ ) • Work in the CM system (stopped K+, KL TOF) • Eliminate events with extra charged particles or photons • * 0 inefficiency < 10-6 • Suppress backgrounds well below the expected signal (S/N~10) • * Predict backgrounds from data: dual independent cuts • * Use “Blind analysis” techniques • * Test predictions with outside-the-signal-region measurements • Evaluate candidate events with S/N function

  10. 4p Photon Veto Photon Veto g g P996 :4th generation at FNAL MI E949 – 3nd generation Incremental Improvements • 550 MeV/c K stopping rate x5 with comparable instantaneous rate • Larger solid angle – Acceptance x 10 • Finer segmentation, improved resolutions - Reduced backgrounds • Overall >100 x sensitivity 500 MHz digitizers

  11. Fermilab Project X 3 GeV 1 mA Continuous Beam

  12. 340 events/year 4th Generation Detector Incremental Improvements 450 MeV/c K stopping rate x10 with comparable instantaneous rate as E949 Larger solid angle – Acceptance x 10 Finer segmentation, improved resolutions - Reduced backgrounds Overall >250 x sensitivity • Comparable or lower rates then in E949, despite much higher yield.

  13. B(KL0) ~ 2.4 10-11 Need huge flux of K’s -> high rates • Weak neutral particle kinematic signature 2 particles missing • Backgrounds with 0 up to 109 times larger Principal problem: KL 0 0 • Veto inefficiency on each extra particle must be 10-4 • Neutrons dominate the beam • make 0 off residual gas – requires high vacuum • halo must be very small • hermeticity may require photon veto in the beam • Need convincing measurement of background

  14. a la KOPIO

  15. Idealtime structure for TOF-based experiment. At Project X : High intensity allows small beam dimensions Symmetrical beam, detector; geometric acceptance maximized 2-D beam kinematic constraint increases S/B Upstream backgrounds, backgrounds in the fiducial volume reduced Same micro-bunch event spoilage reduced Random vetos reduced due to high duty factor Beam veto may be unnecessary Neutron rates high – could be problematic

  16. Project X Kaon Hall 3 GeV protons

  17. * J-PARC plans a phase II to reach higher sensitivity.

  18. A unique opportunity to search for new physics with Rare Kaon Decays

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