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Myths and Legends

Myths and Legends. HUM 2051: Civilization I Fall 2009 Dr. Perdigao October 14, 2009. The Legacy. Founding of Rome in 753 BCE Legend that it was founded by Romulus and Remus; their parents were killed and they were raised by she-wolf

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Myths and Legends

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  1. Myths and Legends HUM 2051: Civilization I Fall 2009 Dr. Perdigao October 14, 2009

  2. The Legacy • Founding of Rome in 753 BCE • Legend that it was founded by Romulus and Remus; their parents were killed and they were raised by she-wolf • 270 BCE—Roman lit began when Greek slave translated The Odyssey from Greek to Latin • Begins with translation—Greek imitation—essential to formation of Rome, Roman culture • Only 2 kinds of literature Romans excelled at: lyric and epic

  3. Contextualizing Virgil • Virgil (70 BCE-19 BCE) • In spirit of imitation and respect but Romans also alter by enlargement (size and grandeur) • Inheritance, respect, but alteration by change • Virgil was a member of literary and social avant garde, goal to challenge government • His aim was to trace responses to government through literature (like Ovid and Catullus) but with new empire of Augustus • Chaos and order—order as the ascendancy of the power of Augustus

  4. Revisions • Venus • Aphrodite • Juno • Hera • Minerva • Athena • Jupiter • Zeus • Mercury • Hermes • Ulysses • Odysseus • Neptune • Poseidon

  5. Constructing The Aeneid • Values: • Respect for the past • Personal subordinated for good of family/state • Intense reverence for authority • Stoic self-control (emotions held in check) • Virgil reimagines Homeric hero while at the same time honoring tradition of Homer’s epic and imitating it • Virgil spent 12 years on The Aeneid. At the time of his death, he wanted to write for three more years; when he was on his deathbed he told his friends to destroy it because he “hadn’t gotten it right yet” • But it is considered one of the most “perfected” works

  6. Virgil’s Tradition • Eclogues (37 BCE) as country vs. city life, pastorals • Georgics asfarmer-animal husbandry—practical compared to idealized country life in Eclogues • Politics of The Aeneid: idealization of central authoritative political power as best way to organize society • Beehives—symbol of Georgics—centralized authoritative figure, all subordinated to task for good of the hive • Beehive—as ideal community, Roman politics

  7. Structure and Form • The Aeneid—title • Imitates The Iliad—but names the character, combines 2 works • Invokes muse, begins in medias res, includes epic similes, Homeric epithets (pious Aeneas, dutiful Aeneas) • But the change is the focus on founding Rome rather than on personality of Aeneas • Issue of destiny—as action (unimaginable in Homer’s works) • Books 1-6=wanderings of Aeneas from Troy, reflection of The Odyssey • Books 7-12=battles of Aeneas and his troops, reflection of The Iliad

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