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Mexican American War

Mexican American War. Causes. Strained relations with Mexico after U.S. involvement with Texas and California Border disputed between Mexico and southern Texas Was it the Nueces River or the Rio Grande? 1845 Polk told Z. Taylor to take the army into the disputed territory

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Mexican American War

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  1. Mexican American War

  2. Causes • Strained relations with Mexico after U.S. involvement with Texas and California • Border disputed between Mexico and southern Texas • Was it the Nueces River or the Rio Grande? • 1845 Polk told Z. Taylor to take the army into the disputed territory • Pres. Polk sent John Slidell to Mexico to settle disputed territory • Mexico Refused to negotiate

  3. War Starts • 1846 Gen Z. Taylor leads troops to the Rio Grande River and made camp directly across the river from the Mexican Army. • Taylor and the American Army are asked to withdraw from Mexican Territory • Taylor refused and the two sides fought. • 2 days later U.S. Congress declares war on Mexico

  4. War Statistics • U.S. had better weapons and equipment, but were outnumbered • Call for American volunteers and many (200,000) came out looking for adventure • Many supported the war • Whigs – thought it was unjustified and avoidable • Abolitionists thought it would extend slavery

  5. War • Americans are winning battles successfully and gaining control of territory that belonged to Mexico • U.S. won the Battle of Nueces River • Gen. Stephen Kearny captured Santa Fe for the U.S.

  6. Bear Flag Revolt – War within a War • 1846 A small number of Americans were living in California (500 to 12,000) • Americans seized control of the town of Sonoma and stole from the Mexican military • Americans declared California to be an independent nation • General Fremont led the nearby portion of the American army to the defense of Sonoma • 1847 with the support of the American Navy many of California’s coastal cites came under American control

  7. Ending the War • General Taylor received his re-enforcements and marched further into Mexico • Buena Vista • February 1847 • Heavy casualties • Mexican Army Retreated • Taylor = war hero

  8. Veracruz • March 29, 1847 • General Winfield Scott • Fort fell after 88 hours of artillery attack by U.S. • August 1847 American troops were on the edge of Mexico City • Fierce fighting in Mexico City • Mexico City fell to Americans on September 14, 1847 and Santa Anna fled.

  9. American Settlement in the Mexican Cession • Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo – officially ended the war and forced Mexico to turn over much of its northern territory to the U.S. • California, Nevada, and Utah, Most of Arizona and New Mexico, parts of Colorado, Wyoming, and Texas • U.S. paid Mexico $15 million for the territory, and paid $3 million in claims owed to Americans by the Mexican government.

  10. Gadsden Purchase – U.S. government paid Mexico $10 million in exchange the U.S. received the southern parts of what are now Arizona and New Mexico • In order to build a railroad connecting California to Texas

  11. After the War many Americans moved to settle the southwest • Many Mexicans, Mexican Americans, and Native Americans faced discrimination from the new comers • Disputes over property • Many disputes over water rights because of the dry climate and the need for farming • Good of community over individual

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