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Weston Observatory

Weston Observatory. Weston Observatory is a geophysical research laboratory of the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences at Boston College. The Observatory is located in Weston , Massachusetts, about 10 miles west of BC’s Chestnut Hill campus. Magnitude 9.0 Japan March 11, 2011.

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Weston Observatory

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  1. Weston Observatory Weston Observatory is a geophysical research laboratory of the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences at Boston College. The Observatory is located in Weston, Massachusetts, about 10 miles west of BC’s Chestnut Hill campus. Magnitude 9.0 Japan March 11, 2011

  2. How many of you have felt an earthquake?

  3. Which state has the most earthquakes? (A) California (B) Alaska (C) Missouri (D) Massachusetts

  4. Magnitude of 3.5 and greater

  5. What’s the biggest earthquake ever recorded? Japan, 2011 (B) Alaska, 1964 (C) Missouri, 1811 (D) Chile, 1960 M 9.0 M 9.2 M 7.5 M 9.5

  6. Largest Earthquakes Ever Recorded 2. Alaska, 1964 Magnitude 9.2 5. Kamchatka, 1952 Magnitude 9.0 4. Japan, 2011 Magnitude 9.0 3. Sumatra, 2004 Magnitude 9.1 1. Chile, 1960 Magnitude 9.5

  7. Magnitude 6.5 – Bali Sea Magnitude 9.0 Near East Coast of Honshu, Japan Magnitude 6.5 - Japan Aftershock

  8. Where do most earthquakes occur? (A) Australia (B) Around the edges of the Atlantic Ocean (C) Around the edges of the Pacific Ocean (D) Antarctica

  9. Earthquakes 1980-2001 (NEIC, M≥5) Plate Tectonics Earthquakes correlated with: * Mid-Ocean Ridges * Fracture Zones * Ocean Trenches

  10. NEIC: 01/01/73-12/03/11, M≥5 Mega-Earthquakes: M≥9

  11. Ring of Fire!

  12. Plate Tectonics

  13. Who invented the magnitude scale? (A) (B) John Ebel Beno Gutenberg (C) (D) Charles Richter Alan Kafka

  14. How different is the rate of earthquakes in the Eastern U.S. vs. in California? Each year California has about ____ times the number of earthquakes that the Eastern U.S. has. (A) 20 (B) 1000 (C) 5 (D) 300

  15. Magnitude 3.5 and Greater, 1974-2003 EUS States:264California: 4895 (19 times as many earthquakes as EUS)

  16. Where is the closest plate boundary to Boston? (A) California (B) Mid-Atlantic Ridge (C) Caribbean-North American plate boundary (D) Pacific-North American plate boundary

  17. Plate Tectonics

  18. Where was the largest known earthquake east of the Rockies? (A) Florida (B) Quebec (C) Missouri (D) Massachusetts

  19. Charlevoix, Quebec: 1663 New Madrid, MO: 1811-1812 From: Ebel (2011) From: Hough et al. (2000) Estimated magnitudes each about 7.5

  20. Where was the largest known earthquake in New England? (A) Off the coast of southern CT (B) Off the coast of Cape Ann, MA (C) Central VT (D) Southern ME

  21. From: Ebel (2006) Cape Ann, MA Earthquake November 18, 1755 Magnitude 5.9-6.2* V VII VI IV VII * MLg 6.2, M 5.9

  22. Woodcut illustration showing damage to Boston, MA, during the Cape Ann earthquake of November 18, 1755. Shaking was strongest northeast of Boston. The earthquake caused considerable damage in Boston, knocking down or damaging as many as 1,600 chimneys and collapsing brick walls of several buildings. Image from National Information Service for Earthquake Engineering, University of California, Berkeley.

  23. Northeastern United States Eastern United States 1700-2011, Magnitude 5.0-7.4 USGS Weston Observatory 1/1/1975 - 10/11/2011

  24. Which of these cities has experienced a damaging earthquake since Europeans settled in North America? (A) Boston (B) New York City (C) Washington, DC (D) All of the above

  25. New York City August 10, 1884 Magnitude 5.2 From Stover and Coffman (1993)

  26. At about what magnitude level does damage begin to occur? 2.0 (B) 4.0 (C) 5.0 (D) 7.0

  27. What kinds of buildings are most hazardous in an earthquake? (A) (D) (C) (B)

  28. Rule of Thumb: Building period approximately equals number of stories divided by 10. Slower Shaking From: www.iris.edu

  29. What should you do if you felt strong earthquake shaking: • Right now? • If you are in bed? • If you are eating in Lyons? • If you are outside in the quad?

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