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Integrating Passive Thermal Systems: Harnessing Genius Loci and Microclimate in Architecture

This lecture explores the importance of passive thermal systems in architecture as environmental control mechanisms. It emphasizes the influence of genius loci and microclimate on design, highlighting how natural elements like earth, wind, fire, and water dictate building form and materials. Case studies from various locations, including the Marriot Library and Taliesin West, illustrate traditional and modern applications of thermal mass, wind sheltering, and solar exposure. Attendees will learn how to implement these systems to enhance comfort while respecting local ecosystems.

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Integrating Passive Thermal Systems: Harnessing Genius Loci and Microclimate in Architecture

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  1. Environmental Controls I/IG Lecture 10 Passive Thermal Systems

  2. Passive Thermal Systems Genius Loci + Microclimate + Vernacular Precedent = Architectural form as an environmental control system

  3. Passive Thermal Systems Genius Loci Environmental Forces • Earth • Wind • Fire • Water

  4. Passive Thermal Systems Earth Contact • Thermal mass • Wind shelter • Solar exposure

  5. Passive Thermal Systems Earthlike forms • Thermal mass • Wind shelter • Solar “canyons” Marriot Library Salt Lake City, Utah

  6. Passive Thermal Systems Earth-based materials Adobe, Brick, Stone • Natural material source • Thermal mass • Locally available • Traditional and modern uses

  7. Passive Thermal Systems Earthscaping • Natural materials • Shelter/screening • Locally available

  8. Passive Thermal Systems Wind Wind Tower • Wind scoop • Evaporative cooling • Thermal mass cooling

  9. Passive Thermal Systems Wind Warm air rises • Attic ventilation • Solar chimneys

  10. Passive Thermal Systems Fire • Solar chimney Morse-Libby Mansion Portland, Maine

  11. Passive Thermal Systems Wind Air movement affects comfort • Cross ventilation provides cooling

  12. Passive Thermal Systems Fire Solar Angles • Summer & Winter solstices • Verdant and Autumnal equinoxes

  13. Passive Thermal Systems Fire Skin Surface Effects • Color • Reflectivity • Position

  14. Passive Thermal Systems Fire Skin Thermal Mass • Increasing thermal mass delays heat penetration

  15. Passive Thermal Systems Fire Interior Solar Control • Interior shading reduces depth of solar penetration but still admits heat

  16. Passive Thermal Systems Fire SiteSolarControl • Evergreen trees fairly constant • Deciduous trees vary seasonally

  17. Passive Thermal Systems Fire Exterior Solar Control • Sheltered openings (apertures)

  18. Passive Thermal Systems Water Evapotranspiration • Landscaping elements provide moisture

  19. Passive Thermal Systems Water Interior plantings can give off/trap moisture • Use according to local climate

  20. Passive Thermal Systems Water Evaporative cooling • Water features add to evaporative cooling (but increase humidity)

  21. Passive Thermal Systems Water Air directed over or through water can provide cooling • Use according to local climate

  22. Passive Thermal Systems Microclimate • Fountain, recesses, and channeled breezes provide cooling • Building controls exposure to onshore winds SF School of Design San Francisco, CA

  23. Passive Thermal Systems Microclimate Evaporative cooling • Building exposed to surrounding landscape • Pool, overhangs, and channeled breezes provide cooling Taliesin West Phoenix, AZ

  24. Passive Thermal Systems Vernacular Precedents • Drawn from Genius Loci • Can be adapted to contemporary design

  25. Passive Thermal Systems Genius Loci + Microclimate + Vernacular Precedent = Architectural form as an environmental control system

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