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Greek mythology and the odyssey

Greek mythology and the odyssey. Mythology. Myths are stories created To help a culture explain the world they live in To help a culture create guidelines to which people should live by To help a culture create a sense of community through telling similar stories

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Greek mythology and the odyssey

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  1. Greek mythology and the odyssey

  2. Mythology • Myths are stories created • To help a culture explain the world they live in • To help a culture create guidelines to which people should live by • To help a culture create a sense of community through telling similar stories • Greek Mythology is one spread orally through stories and songs • Allowed all people to become part of the story • Made stories able to be told in various settings • Helps keep stories entertaining • Made it easy to pass stories down

  3. Gods and Goddesses • Greeks created Gods and Goddesses • These Gods and Goddesses were first to have human forms • Also gave Gods and Goddesses human qualities and emotions • This is the first time deities represented human life • Therefore, certain actions could make the Gods and Goddesses happy or angry • Greek Gods and Goddesses became Gods and Goddesses by overthrowing the Titans

  4. The Titans • Gaea • Earth Goddess • made the rest of the Titans by mating with her son, Uranus. • Uranus • Sky god; first ruler. • Dethroned by Cronus. • Cronus • Fathered the first of the Olympians. • Swallowed his children except for Zeus. • Prometheus • “Forethought” Protector of man; inventor of fire. • Atlas: • Punished by having to hold the world on his back. • And there’s more!

  5. The battle • The Titans were overthrown by The Olympians • The Olympians were a family of Gods and Goddesses • headed by Zeus • Upon winning the War of the Gods, the world was split up. • Zeus ran Mount Olympus • Hades ran the Underworld • Poseidon ran the Sea • Other Gods and Goddess took on other qualities • Ares – God of war, violence, etc. • Demeter – Goddess of fertilitiy, agrigulture, etc. • Athena – Goddess of wisdom, defense, strategic warfare.

  6. The ODYSSEY • Part II to the Iliad. • Iliad tells story of Trojan War • War is between Troy and Sparta • Started because Spartan King Menelaus’ wife, Helen, runs away with Prince Paris from Troy. • Spartan King wages war on Troy • Story involves popular characters Agamemnon, Odysseus, and Achilles • Sparta was victorious in beating Troy because of “Wooden Horse” trick. • Iliad and Odyssey together = like Bible to Christians

  7. HOMER • Narrator of the story • Blind • Called a Rapsode – also know as a Bard or singer of tales.

  8. Odysseus • Wife: Penelope • Son: Telemachus • From: Ithaca • Great soldier, strong, but also cunning • Came up with the “Wood Horse” trick in the Trojan War. • He is the main character of The Odyssey

  9. epic • Long narrative poem • Tells about a hero • Includes values and beliefs of the culture • Iliad and Odyssey teach • Honor, bravery, hospitality, intelligence, Respect to Gods, Loyalty to family/home • Not to • Disrespect gods • Hubris – extreme pride • Has a grand tone • Larger than life characters • Larger than life battles • Hero faces circumstances he/she certainly will not be victorious in, but somehow is victorious

  10. Epic • Begins • “In medias res” or In the middle of things • Then flashes back to explain action which previously happened • With a prayer to God/Gods • Statement of Theme • Long formal speeches by many characters

  11. The Epic Hero

  12. Literary terms • Epic Simile • is an extended simile often running to several lines, used typically in epic poetry to intensify the heroic stature • Characterization • is the concept of creating characters for a narrative, (direct: author tells details/ indirect: audience infers) • Imagery • is an author's use of vivid and descriptive language to add depth to their work • Metaphor • is comparing two objects/things without using the words "like" or "as • Repetition • is the simple repeating of a word, within a sentence or a poetical line, with no particular placement of the words, in order to provide emphasis.  • Foreshadowing • is a literary device by which an author explains certain plot developments that may come later in the story. • Symbol • is an object that represents, stands for, or suggests an idea, visual image, belief, action, or material entity • Tragic Flaw (Hamartia) • is seen as an error in judgment or unwitting mistake is applied to the actions of the hero.

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