Expository VS Persuasive TYPES OF WRITING

1. Expository VS PersuasiveTYPES OF WRITING 8TH Grade Gateway Two types of writing – Expository Persuasive NO CHOICE in the style that is given to you.

2. Expository – INFORM – Writing I deas developed with explanations N eeds specific details and examples F ully develops the topic O rganizational strategy R eader’s interest through strong voice M ulti-paragraph writing

3. What is Expository Writing? Writing to explain Factual writing True writing – non-fiction TELLING or INFORMING the reader An overall picture of the topic (DOES NOT try to persuade the reader)

4. Expository Writing TIPS AT LEAST 5 paragraphs Introduction (1 paragraph) Body/Middle (3 OR MORE paragraphs) Conclusion (1 paragraph) LOTS of DETAILS GOOD Lead/Beginning – opening paragraph Dialogue Short story about your topic Good imagery picture Action event/example of topic Startling fact Thought or feeling

5. Expository writing … IS -IS NOT - • Multi-paragraph • Fully develops idea with specific details and examples • Blends personal experience and knowledge to inform the reader about the topic • Single paragraph • Repetitive, formulaic writing • Encyclopedic coverage of facts or an abundance of facts unrelated to the topic

6. Expository writing … IS -IS NOT - • Lively – catches the reader’s interest • Engaging language and varied sentences • Structured – introduction, development, and closure • Correct sentences, grammar, and spelling • Flat and uninteresting – not repetitive • Imprecise language with no variety • Not structured – no or weak introduction and/or conclusion, weak development of topic • Incorrect sentences, grammar, and spelling (distracts reader)

8. GRAPHIC ORGANIZER – The HOW Line

9. Expository Graphic OrganizerAKA – “HOW” Line • LEAD • SHOW- • MEET – • HIGHLIGHT 1 • HIGHLIGHT 2 • HIGHLIGHT 3 • Or more ?? • HOW MOMENT – MOST IMPORTANT • CONCLUSION

10. Choose a family member, a family tradition, or something your family enjoys doing and tell about it. You should share with the reader reasons why your family member or family tradition is important. Be sure to include specific details or events that relate to your topic. PROMPT-

11. Choose a family member, a family tradition, or something your family enjoys doing and tell about it. TOPIC – My family and travel LEAD – Standing on the shore of Sanibel Island, everyone had cameras in hand as the sun crept slowly across the horizon. Each one of us had his/her own spot to watch, and we snapped. That night, we loaded the pictures and watched each one unfold on the screen. Rich baby blues, purples, pinks, oranges, yellows, dark blues eventually gave way to deep dark blackness. As sun set that night, our adventure was just beginning. SHOW- From the piling and packing to the long drive down the road, the anticipation of a vacation is half of the fun. However, when we get to our destination, it up to my family to have a worthwhile adventure instead boring experience. MEET – (Thesis –topic sentence –reason why you are writing) For my family traveling is an opportunity to have an exciting experience but more importantly to spend time together and form lasting memories.

12. TOPIC – Your family … LEAD SHOW- MEET – HIGHLIGHT 1 HIGHLIGHT 2 HIGHLIGHT 3 Or more ?? HOW MOMENT – MOST IMPORTANT CONCLUSION

13. TOPIC – Family - Tell about yours . . . Choose a family member, a family tradition, or something your family enjoys doing and tell about it. You should share with the reader reasons why your family member or family tradition is important. Be sure to include specific details or events that relate to your topic.

14. DOs to REMEMBER: • DOs – that we DO stress that students DO … • DOwrite 2 PAGES – front and back – NO SKIPPING LINES – especially between paragraphs • DO know the style of writing and be sure to do it – Expository or Persuasive • DOremember the format for writing a letter • DOread the prompt more than once to understand the writing topic. • DObrainstorm • DO indent all paragraphs • DO make sure all paragraphs are at least 5 sentences • DO make sure writing is 5 or MORE paragraphs • DO write the final copy in BLUE or BLACK ink • DO proofread the final copy – use INSERT or SINGLE STRIKE THROUGH • DOwrite legibly.- print or cursive – your choice • DO include lots of detail • DO use transition words. • DO check the CRITERIA – • IDEAS* - DETAILS • ORGANIZATION – PARAGRAPHS – minimum of 5 paragraphs – intro., 3+ body, conclusion • STYLE – VOICE – aka CREATIVITY (adjectives / description) • CONVENTIONS – MECHANICS – spelling, punctuation, paragraphs • DO have a GOOD, STRONG Introduction • DOMAKE YOUR THESIS statement (main idea) – is your opinion of the topic – without saying “I….” • DO have a GOOD Conclusion • DOmake sure the conclusion is DIFFERENT than the intro with a restatement of your opinion /thesis

15. DON’Ts to REMEMBER: • DON’Ts – that we DO stress that students NOT DO … • DON’T start a sentence with AND or BUT • DON’T repeat the same word over and over • DON’T use “I think…” “I hope you enjoyed…” “I am going to tell you…” • DON’T abbreviate • DON’Tuse etc. • DON’T use contractions • DON’Twrite numbers – INSTEAD spell out all numbers 1-100 • DON’T forget to indent all paragraphs – USE a paragraph sign at the • beginning of paragraphs if you forget to indent • DON’T skip lines between paragraphs • DON’Twrite less than 5 paragraphs • DON’T write off topic • DON’T forget to READ the prompt more than once to understand the topic • DON’T use slang • DON’T introduce yourself … DON’T say “My name is…” • DON’T use the transitions – FIRST, SECOND, THIRD, LAST • DON’Tsay good bye in the conclusion • DON’T use “THE END” • DON’Tuse symbols (like 2 for the word “to”) • DON’T draw flowers, circles, or hearts to dot your “i.”

16. Persuasive Writing Writing to convince the reader Opinion writing True writing – non-fiction with OPINIONS PERSUADING or CONVINCING the reader of your opinion on a topic To win over the reader to do or believe the topic To persuade by urging or arguing

17. Persuasive = Verbal Writing Boxing POW LINE • SHAKE • SHOW • TELL • ROUND 1 • ROUND 2 • POW! MOMENT • KNOCK BACK • DO THIS, PLEASE • SHAKE

18. The school has decided to change to getting school uniforms. You must decide if you are for or against the uniforms. Write a letter to your principal explain your opinion on school uniforms. Be sure to include specific details and examples that support your opinion. PROMPT-

19. Shake • (Only in a letter) “Meet” your reader with a positive comment about him/her. • Example: I have enjoyed your morning announcements. Your energy and involvement in the school is very evident. I especially appreciate your willingness to listen to students and their concerns.

20. Show • Show the reader an example that concerns your topic • Use – • Exploding a moment about your topic • Good imagery picture • Action event/example of topic • Startling fact • Example: A recent concern in the news has been students and school uniforms. I read how a mother was very disappointed when she attended an award’s ceremony and was very upset that she could not find her child. She said it was like looking for a needle in haystack. With everyone wearing the same school outfit, she was felt like everyone looked the same and was frustrated that she could not see her child.

21. Tell • Tell the reader what you want. • State your OPINION about the topic and why (add feeling or thought here) • Example: Our school does not need uniforms because students would lose their individuality and their freedom of expression.

22. Round 1 • Give your first reason WITH SUPPORT. • Example: Everyone looks alike, so teachers will not be able to identify their students. During an emergency, such as a fire drill, it is important for teachers to be able to locate and account for all of their students. If everyone is dressed alike, it is difficult to identify each person with ease. ROUND

23. Round 2 • Give your second reason WITH SUPPORT. • Example: It is boring to look alike, and we want to be ourselves with our own style. Fashion encourages people to find their own style or fad. With uniforms, students would not be able to find their own unique looks. ROUND

24. POW! MO MENT • Give your best reason WITH SUPPORT. • Example: The parents are against school uniforms. Uniforms would add an extra expense to families, and some may not be able to afford them. The uniform dress code would force parents to purchase a clothing line in addition to their children’s casual and dress wear. POW!

25. Knock Back • Admit that there are opposing arguments. Try to think of your reader’s “come back” AND give him/her another solution or option. • Example: Some may argue that wearing uniforms is the an easy solution to making students adhere to a dress code. However, clothing rules and a dress code are far less expensive and less trouble. A strict dress code would be much more convenient for parents and students.

26. Do this, PLEASE • Restate your request – use different wording. • Example: Please consider another way to create uniformity in the school and do not make the students wear uniforms to school.

27. Shake • (Only in a letter) Restate your thanks and appreciation in considering your opinion/request. • Example: Mr. Williams, thank you for considering my request about school uniforms. I look forward to hearing your response to my concerns.

28. You are writing a letter to editor concerning your opinion and reactions involving the Philip and his situation • In your letter, you will want to support your opinion with evidence from the story. • “You have to stand up for your rights.” • “A rule is a rule.” • “You have to go along to get along.” • “America – Love it or Leave it!” • It is important for people to hear both sides of a story before forming an opinion. • Miss Narwin should be fired for not allowing students to be patriotic. • Miss Narwin did the right thing to make Philip leave the room; she is a good teacher who was following the rules. • Other ideas…. What about Philip and what should happen to him? PROMPT- Be sure to include specific details and examples that support your opinion.

29. Dear Editor: SHAKE goes here. It should be a good paragraph which is 5 to seven sentences. SHOW goes here. It should be a good paragraph which is 5 to seven sentences. You should see the pattern at this point. Each step gets its own paragraph (The exception is the TELL. It may go with the SHAKE.) Notice that the GREETING (Dear Editor) is followed by a colon (:) in a formal letter. The first letter of EVERY word in the GREETING should be capitalized – except for THE, A, AN, and SMALL PREPOSITIONS that may be INSIDE THE GREETING. EX. – To Whom It May Concern: OR Dear Director of Education: Also, each of your paragraphs should be indented. (about a width of a finger space). Your closing should start half way across the page and end in a comma. Capitalize the first letter ONLY. Sincerely OR Yours truly are the most commonly used closings. Sincerely, A Concerned Student Writing a letter (format)

30. The principal is considering adding a fast food restaurant to the cafeteria line. Write a letter to him stating your opinion as to why or why not this is a good idea for school lunches. In your request, you may want to specify the type of fast food restaurant that would be most successful. PROMPT- Be sure to include specific details and examples that support your opinion.

31. Expository Writing Writing to explain Factual writing True writing – non-fiction TELLING or INFORMING the reader Present an overall picture of the topic (DO NOT try to persuade the reader)

32. Expository Writing TIPS AT LEAST 5 paragraphs Introduction (1 paragraph) Body/Middle (3 OR MORE paragraphs) Conclusion (1 paragraph) LOTS of DETAILS GOOD Lead/Beginning – opening paragraph Dialogue Short story about your topic Good imagery picture Action event/example of topic Startling fact Thought or feeling

33. Expository Graphic OrganizerAKA – “HOW” Line • LEAD • SHOW- • MEET – • HIGHLIGHT 1 • HIGHLIGHT 2 • HIGHLIGHT 3 • Or more ?? • HOW MOMENT – MOST IMPORTANT • CONCLUSION

34. Choose a family member, a family tradition, or something your family enjoys doing and tell about it. You should share with the reader reasons why your family member or family tradition is important. Be sure to include specific details or events that relate to your topic. PROMPT-

35. TOPIC – Your family … LEAD SHOW- MEET – HIGHLIGHT 1 HIGHLIGHT 2 HIGHLIGHT 3 Or more ?? HOW MOMENT – MOST IMPORTANT CONCLUSION

36. TOPIC – Family - Tell about yours . . . Choose a family member, a family tradition, or something your family enjoys doing and tell about it. You should share with the reader reasons why your family member or family tradition is important. Be sure to include specific details or events that relate to your topic.