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Defining the Standards for Calf Raising Operations

Defining the Standards for Calf Raising Operations. Gregory M. Goodell, DVM The Dairy Authority, LLC Greeley, Colorado. Veterinarian Influence…. Nutrition Vaccinology Breeding Health Monitoring Human Resource (Training, Protocols, etc.). Major Components of Heifer Development. Arrival

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Defining the Standards for Calf Raising Operations

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  1. Defining the Standards for Calf Raising Operations Gregory M. Goodell, DVM The Dairy Authority, LLC Greeley, Colorado

  2. Veterinarian Influence… • Nutrition • Vaccinology • Breeding • Health • Monitoring • Human Resource (Training, Protocols, etc.)

  3. Major Components of Heifer Development • Arrival • Vaccinations • Breeding • Health • Departure (return to dairy)

  4. Arrival of Heifers • Report card on heifer load the day they arrive • Body condition, thriftiness and disease • Report card sent to producer if too many outliers • Heifers are processed 24-48 hours after arrival • First vaccinations given • First weight data collected

  5. Vaccinology • Recommend aggressive vaccine program • Mandatory individual BVD PI testing • Recommend Pre-shipment vaccine protocol • Vaccinate with mod-live 2 times the first 4 weeks of arrival • First vaccination 24-48 hours after arrival

  6. Viable Vaccination Programs depend on… • The number of heifers/calves in an operation • The number of different sources within the operation • Vaccine programs should be dynamic and change with types of disease seen at an operation

  7. Vaccinations • First vaccines given 24-48 hours post arrival • Have seen no issues with vaccinating this quickly after transport • Gentle trucking • Pre-conditioning • Excellent nutrition pre-shipping

  8. Individual testing for BVD PI • A requirement for incoming heifers to maintain BVD-PI free facility • Pooled BVD samples are not acceptable • Still identified BVD problems at facilities • Controversial??

  9. BVD PI positive heifers • Not necessarily worried about BVD outbreaks • 1 positive in 1000 causes substantial risk • Impact on growth and reproduction in heifer population • Impact of reproduction on herd of origin

  10. Pre-Shipment Vaccination • Two doses modified live • Two doses Spirovac • Two half doses SRP • Pastuerella • Clostridial vaccination at herd vet discretion

  11. Monitoring of Heifer Development • Disease prevalence • Morbidity/mortality • Evaluation of Program • Weights most important for this

  12. Weights an Important Part of Management • Heifers should be weighed a minimum of 3 times • 24-48 hours after arrival • Pre-breeding • 1-2 days before departure • In addition heifers may be weighed in/out of hospital pen or if they show up on “poor performance” list

  13. SUM BW8T BY AGEAR SF FOR INDAT>4.1.11 AGEAR=4-7

  14. AABP, Sept. 2009, Omaha, Nebraska

  15. Quantitative Evaluation of Growth • ADG used to evaluate nutrition program program pre-breeding • ADG of 2.0-2.2 is the target • ADG can be used as a “first-cut” • Used to evaluate in-house management • Heifers moved to appropriate rations • Stocking Density • Target parameters

  16. SHOW ...FOR ADG>0 ADG<1.5

  17. Breeding- Veterinarian’s Role • Breeding programs • Breeder training • Set parameters • Monitor outcome

  18. Breeding Program • 850 lbs and 52inch hip height • Heifers moved into breeding pens minimum of 2 weeks before breeding begins • Acclimate to headlocks, new pen, etc • A dose of PGF at move and two weeks later • Breeding initiated after second dose PGF • Once a day heat detection based on tail chalk

  19. SUM ... FOR BRWGT>0 BRWDT>5/25/11 BY BRWDT\B

  20. Breeder Training/Monitoring • Reports for Facility • Reports for Clientele • Performed monthly • In-depth review every 3-4 months

  21. Conventional/Sexed Semen (SS) • Clients select semen (sexed or not) • Heifers bred based solely on weight (850 lbs) and hip height • Only heifers with strong heats used for SS • SS appears to show differences in fertility amplified by sexing

  22. Breeding By Calendar Month

  23. By Breeding Code for past 12 Months

  24. Sire Name %Conc #Preg #Open Other Abort Total SPC 501H8711 38 25 41 0 3 66 2.6

  25. Sire Name %Conc #Preg #Open Other Abort Total SPC 507H66954 70 28 12 0 1 40 1.4 Sire Name %Conc #Preg #Open Other Abort Total SPC 501H8711 38 25 41 0 3 66 2.6

  26. Report for Heifer Yard Clientele

  27. Health • Case Definitions • Defining for producer • Protocols • Treatment, feeding, processing, etc • Procedures • Animal handling • Treatment administration • Health comparison by source farm

  28. Health Performance

  29. Health Performance

  30. Health Performance

  31. Monitoring for Calf Yard Clients • An events report, several breeding reports, yardage reports and a performance report are all emailed to the clients on a monthly basis. • DC305 herds may have records uploaded or emailed to them so that have a current snapshot of their heifer herd

  32. Departure of Heifers from THA • Heifers returned 4-6 weeks pre partum • TB tested 30 days prior to departure • Vaccinated with half dose SRP and weighed 2-4 days prior to departure • If desired data files for DC305 herds accompany returning heifers weights, breedings, etc return with heifers

  33. SHOW ... FOR TID=1 BY SFID SFID AGE DCC EW8T EHPHT DTC ADG PCWGT ===== ===== ===== ====== ======= ===== ======= ====== 3777 2-0 230 1248 58.00 49 1.65 1331 3794 2-0 230 1538 59.00 49 1.99 1638 3839 1-10 218 1194 58.00 61 1.74 1302 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4011 1-6 199 1242 59.00 80 2.01 1405 4014 1-6 200 1220 59.00 79 2.09 1387 4026 1-6 200 1254 59.00 79 2.09 1421 4027 1-6 199 1252 58.00 80 2.05 1418 4053 1-5 200 1208 57.00 79 2.10 1376 35 total Total Number Average Minimum Maximum StndDevStndErr ================ ======= ======= ======== ======= ======= ======= ======= SFID 138223 35 3949 3777 4053 63 11 AGE 693 35 20 1-5 2-0 2 1 DCC 7410 35 212 199 234 12 2 EW8T 44682 35 1277 1138 1648 110 19 EHPHT 204100 35 58.31 57.00 61.00 1.05 0.18 DTC 2355 35 67 45 80 12 2 ADG 7057 35 2.02 1.65 2.61 0.19 0.03 PCWGT 49498 35 1414 1278 1781 106 18

  34. SUM ... FOR CAR=13 By OUTDT %COW #COW Av AGE Av DCC Av EW8T Av ADG AvPCWGT --------- ---- ------ ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- 6/11/09 9 73 20 218 1303 2.10 1433 6/13/09 4 35 20 216 1361 2.22 1503 6/17/09 4 35 20 216 1323 2.12 1459 6/26/09 4 35 20 212 1315 2.09 1458 6/30/09 4 35 21 212 1311 2.07 1453 7/ 8/09 9 70 20 220 1331 2.12 1455 7/18/09 4 35 20 223 1279 2.13 1400 7/29/09 9 70 21 220 1349 2.08 1474 7/31/09 1 4 20 219 1406 1.93 1523 8/ 3/09 5 36 20 225 1294 2.08 1411 8/ 8/09 9 70 20 223 1312 2.07 1431 8/12/09 10 75 20 219 1291 2.00 1413 8/15/09 4 35 21 231 1284 2.00 1382 8/19/09 4 35 20 226 1307 2.09 1421 8/21/09 4 35 20 222 1313 2.11 1436 8/24/09 4 35 20 210 1291 2.05 1434 8/28/09 4 35 20 215 1305 1.98 1435 8/30/09 4 35 20 212 1277 2.02 1414 ========= ==== ====== ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= Total 100 783 20 219 1311 2.08 1437

  35. Summary • Assisting in communication with clients have the largest impact on management outcomes • Constant monitoring key to good outcome • Individual weights are paramount to producer/client education and management

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