Colonial Regions (New England, Middle & Southern)

1. Colonial Regions (New England, Middle & Southern)

2. New England Colonies • Massachusetts • Connecticut • New Hampshire • Rhode Island

3. New England ColoniesMassachusetts • Massachusetts Bay Company • Puritans, came for religious freedom. • Settled present day Massachusetts • 1st settlement, Boston. • Same location as John Smith and the Pilgrims.

4. New England ColoniesGeography • Boston was settled along the Charles River • Negative: Rocky hard soil • Positive: • Forests with natural resources • Oceans and Rivers provided aquaculture

5. Settled as an example for the rest of the world. • 1630: 700 people • 1640: 20,000 people • Education • Very important • Should be able to read the bible • Free schools to all children • Way of Life • Covenant • A special promise or agreement. • Every free man promised that his family would live by the rules of the Puritan church. New England ColoniesReligion

6. New England ColoniesConflict in the promise land? • Puritans wanted everyone to have the same views. • Is that realistic? • Roger Williams • Everyone should tolerate different religious beliefs. • Anne Hutchinson • Believed that people could talk directly to God. • Both were tried in court • Williams • Providence, Rhode Island • 1st European Colony that was religiously free • Hutchinson • Portsmouth, Rhode Island

7. New England ColoniesStill more conflict? • Thomas Hooker • Each church should be independent • Should choose own leaders • 1636 • 100 followers went with him to Connecticut.

8. More English settlers equals? • Less land for Native Americans. Roger Williams paid the Narragansett for their land. • Pequot War of 1637 • Peace for 40 years • Colonists traveled to present day • New Hampshire, Vermont, and Maine. • Wampanoag • Leader: Metacoment • King Phillip • Son of Massasoit • Fought to keep the Wampanoag lands • Last stand of Native American Resistance. New England ColoniesConflicts all around….

9. Middle Colonies • Delaware • Pennsylvania • New York • New Jersey

10. New York- • Peter Stuyvesant • Duke of York • New Jersey • Gift to Berkley and Carteret Middle Colonies

11. 1681 King Charles granted William Penn land • William Penn • Quaker • “quake before the power of the lord. • Jailed for beliefs in England. • Wanted Religious freedom. • Quakers: Society of friends. • God was in their heart, no need for ministers. • Plain clothes furniture and food. • Anti slavery • Respecting Native Americans Quakers

12. Pennsylvania • “Penn’s Woods” • Settlement of Philadelphia • Brotherly Love • Penn sent a letter to the Lenni Lenape • Live peacefully • Neighbors and Friends • Paid for the land. • Peaceful relations. Quakers and Compromise

13. Middle Colonies- Where did Delaware come from? • Rapidly growing Nation. • Part of Penn became Delaware. • Europeans came looking for a better life. • 1720 10,000 • 1760 22,000

14. Middle Colonies Geography • Atlantic Ocean to the Appalachian Mountains. • Rivers crisscrossed the colonies. • New York Harbor, busiest port of the 13 colonies. • Rich farm land. • Main food region. • Breadbasket of the colonies. • Grew a lot of wheat.

15. Middle Colonies – Variety of people. • Dutch had already settled by 1600’s. • Jewish people from Portugal. • German farmers • Called Penn. Dutch • Built first Conestoga Wagon.

16. Middle Colonies- Variety of people. • Scots- Irish • Came from Scotland through Northern Ireland. • Africans • Enslaved • Some were free • Few had same rights.

17. Middle Colonies-Overview • Variety of people. • Variety of skills and trades. • The start of the cultural blend in America.

18. The Southern Colonies • Maryland • Virginia • North Carolina • South Carolina • Georgia

19. Southern Colonies -Founders • King Charles 1 • Lord Baltimore a charter. • Catholics- Freedom of Religion. • Founded Maryland. • Controlled by Proprietors. • Men who control the land.

20. Maryland had spread to Virginia. • 1663 King Charles II gave 8 proprietors Carolina which split. • James Oglethorpe • 1729 Received a charter to found Georgia(after King George II). • Started a colony for debtors and poor people in America. • Debtors • People who owe money. Southern Colonies-Beyond Maryland

21. Southern Colonies- Georgia • Chief Tomochichi • Leader of the Yamacraw. • Lived on land located around creeks and rivers. • Met with Oglethorpe • Signed a treaty for Savannah, Ga.

22. Separated Carolinas from the Spanish and French land in America. • Saying, “England would get rich by sending their poor abroad.” Other benefits of Georgia.

23. Foothills of the Appalachian Atlantic Coast Growing season was 7 months. Rice Indigo Plant that produces a blue dye • Red Clay • Great for growing: • Corn • tobacco Southern Colonies- Geography

24. Oglethorpe did not allow slavery. • Proprietors “rented” enslaved Africans from South America. • 1750’s slavery was established. • 1750-1760 Slavery grew from 1,000 to 4,000. • 1760 10,000 people in GA. • 4,000 lived in slavery. Georgia’s dark side

25. Southern Colonies- Overview • Maryland was founded for Religious freedom for Catholics. • 1732 Georgia became the 13th colony. • Been over 100 years since the first settlement had been established. • In less than 50 years, the 13 colonies will become the United States of America.