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Understanding Phospholipids: Monolayers, Membranes, and Surface Tension Dynamics

This lecture delves into the fascinating world of phospholipids and their role in forming monolayers and membranes. By examining the amphiphilic nature of these molecules, we explore concepts like interfacial energy and surface tension, illustrated through real-world examples like oil on a polished surface. The discussion includes the thermodynamics of self-assembly, bilayer properties, and the importance of minimizing free energy. Key processes such as flip-flop mechanisms and water permeability are also highlighted, demonstrating their significance in biological membranes.

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Understanding Phospholipids: Monolayers, Membranes, and Surface Tension Dynamics

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Life at Low D Lecture III: Monolayers and Membranes

  2. Phospholipids Amphiphilic Molecules Amphi (“both”) philia(“love”)

  3. If a drop of oil is put on a highly polished marble table, or on a looking-glass that lies horizontally, the drop remains in its place, spreading very little. “...the oil, though not more than a teaspoonful, produced an instant calm over a space several yards square which spread amazingly and extended itself…, making all that quarter of the pond, perhaps half an acre as smooth as a looking glass.” “There seems to be no natural repulsion between water and air such as to keep them from coming into contact with each other.” (Franklin, 1773)

  4. Interfacial Energy and Surface Tension Oil GOAL: Minimize Free Energy Energy Entropy Solids Covalent Fluids VDW H-Bonding

  5. Hydrophobic Effect Hydrophobic Area/Molecule

  6. Surface Tension

  7. Surface Tension Monolayer reduces Surface Tension

  8. Surface Tension Monolayer reduces Surface Tension

  9. Self-Assembly

  10. Bilayer Properties Flip-Flop (exposing hydrophilic head to hydrocarbon chain) Water Permeable (cost of water passing through)

  11. Bilayer Properties Edge Energy/Length Driving “Force” for the Formation of closed Structures

  12. Bending Energy

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