The Basics of Maintenance in General Aviation

1. The Basics of Maintenance in General Aviation Downloaded from www.avhf.com

2. U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration Downloaded from www.avhf.com

3. Basics of Maintenance In General Aviation for Pilots and Technicians Downloaded from www.avhf.com

4. FAA-Flight Standards Division 2300 E. Devon Ave Des Plaines, IL 60018 Tel: 847-294-7623 FAX 847-294-8001 Aviation Safety Program ManagerAirworthiness RepresentativeRichard Mileham Downloaded from www.avhf.com

5. Web Address Richard.Mileham@faa.gov

6. OBJECTIVE • This presentation is designed to provide aviators with information concerning aircraft maintenance and preventative maintenance.

7. MAINTENANCE • Ensure the Airworthiness of the Aircraft

8. FEDERAL AVIATION REGULATIONS (FAR’s) • FAR Part 1: Definitions and Abbreviations • FAR Part 43: Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, Rebuilding and Alterations • FAR Part 91: General Operating Rules

9. FAR Part 1Definition of...... • Preventive Maintenance: “simple or minor preservation operations and the replacement of small standard parts not involving complex assembly operations.”

10. What is maintenance?

11. Definitionscontinued • Maintenance: is; • Inspections • Overhaul • Repair • Preservation and • Replacement of Parts

12. FAR Part 91, Subpart E • General Operating • and • Flight Rules TOOLS

13. Maintenance Regulations in FAR Part 91 • The 400 series of FAR Part 91 states the maintenance regulations for owners and operators.

14. Who is responsible for the Airworthiness of the Aircraft • N1202

15. For FAR Part 91 General Aviation Operations, the Owneror Operatoris Primarily Responsible

16. Part 91 continued • Specifically, FAR 91.403 (a) states: owner or operator is primarily responsible for maintaining the aircraft in an airworthy condition. • This includes compliance with Part 39. • FAR Part 39 concerns Airworthiness Directives.

17. Part 91 continued • FAR 91.403(b) states: No person may perform maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations on an aircraft other than prescribed in this subpart, and other applicable regulations, including Part 43.

18. Aircraft that have been certificated in the Experimental Category. All U.S. registered aircraft are required to be maintained in accordance with the Federal Aviation Regulation Part 43 except for one category of aircraft. Did you know................

19. Part 91 continued • FAR 91.405 Maintenance Required, paragraph (b) states: Each owner of an aircraft shall ensure that maintenance personnel make appropriate entries in the aircraft maintenance records indicating the aircraft has been approved for return to service.

20. Part 91 continued • FAR 91.407 (a)(1) states: No person may operate any aircraft that has undergone maintenance, preventive maintenance, rebuilding, or alteration unless it has been approved for return to service by a person authorized under Part 43.7 and .................

21. Part 91 continued • the maintenance record entry required by FAR 43.9 has been made.

22. FAR 91 requires maintenance tobeperformed in accordance with FAR 43 Lets take a look at the requirements of FAR 43

23. FAR 43.3 Persons Authorized • Paragraph (g) states that a holder of a pilot certificate may perform preventive maintenance on any aircraft owned or operated by that pilot.

24. FAR 43.3 Persons Authorizedcontinued • Provided the aircraft is not being used under FAR Part 121, 127, 129, or 135.

25. Remember what FAR 91.405 & 91.407 stated about maintenance records?

26. If maintenance is performed, it must be entered in a maintenance record and approved for return to service by a person authorized.

27. FAR 43.7 Persons Authorized to Approve for Return to Service • Paragraph (f) states a person holding at least a private pilot certificate may approve an aircraft for return to service after performing preventive maintenance

28. FAR 43.9 Content, Form and Disposition of Preventive Maintenance Records • Paragraphs (a)(1),(2) & (4), states each person who performs preventive maintenance shall make an entry in the maintenance record of that equipment containing the following:

29. A description of the work performed. • The date of completion • Total Aircraft Time = TAT • Your signature, certificate number, and kind of certificate.

30. ie. Private Pilot =PP#123456789 Commercial Pilot = CP#123456789 ATP = ATP #123456789

31. Airframe Log Book . AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE RECORD DATE DESCRIPTION OF WORK PERFORMED SIGNATURE 01/21/98 TAT. 4,625Replaced Rt. Main landing gear Tire with Goodyear Tach: 962 600X6, 6 ply rating . Followed procedures of Cessna Service Manual for replacement of tire. Sec:..... Par:.....etc. . Ima B. Good Ima B. Good PP #123456789 TachTime (Optional)

32. Lets take a look at what types of preventive maintenance you are authorized to perform!

33. Powerplant replacing any hose connection except; hydraulic connections Removing, checking, and replacing magnetic chip detectors, and Replacing any cowling, Unless `

34. “UNLESS” Removal of the prop is required to get the nose bowl off

35. Powerplant continued replacing prefabricated fuel lines cleaning or replacing fuel and oil strainer or filters replacing or cleaning spark plugs and setting gap

36. Landing Gear landing gear tires, servicing struts wheel bearings safety wire or cotter keys lubrication, not requiring disassembly replacing wheels and skis where no W&B is involved

37. Did you say that as a Pilot, I can change my own tires ??

38. Fuselage & Interior Replenishing hydraulic fluid Replacing side windows ?? Repairing upholstery Replacing safety belts Replacing seats or seat parts

39. Fuselage & Interiorcontinued Replacing & servicing batteries

40. Electrical Trouble shooting and repairing broken circuits in landing light wiring Replacing bulbs, reflectors, & lenses or position or landing lights

41. General Preventive MaintenanceItems simple fabric patches refinishing decorative coatings applying preservative or protective materials making simple repairs to fairings, nonstructural items

42. General Preventive MaintenanceItems continued installation of anti misfueling devices replacement or adjustment of nonstruc- tural fasteners

43. Primary Category Aircraft Inspection and maintenance tasks for your aircraft provided you have at least a private pilot’s license, you are the registered owner, and work is performed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

44. This information can be found in FAR Part 43 Appendix A • Paragraph (c), Preventive Maintenance states in part : • Preventive Maintenance is limited to the aforementioned work, provided it does not involve complex assembly operations.

45. Airworthiness Certificate • . VOID 6

46. Airworthiness Certificate Block 6. TERMS AND CONDITIONS Unless sooner surrendered, suspended, revoked, or a termination date is otherwise established by the Administrator, this airworthiness certificate is effective as long as the maintenance, preventive maintenance, and alterations are performed in accordance with Parts 21, 43, and 91 of the Federal Aviation Regulations, as appropriate, and the aircraft is registered in the United States.

47. Sample Log Entries

48. Sample Log Entries & FAR Part 43 Appendix A (c) (English Version)

49. Maintenance ScenarioFAR 43.9, FAR 91.417 Aircraft Make: Cessna Date: 01/21/98 Model: 172M TAT: 4,625 Hrs Serial No. 18454 Eng: SMOH: 962 Hrs Eng TT: 2,762 HrsProp: TT. 962 Hrs Cessna 172 Service Manual is Available. ___ Make a Typical log book entry indicating the replacement of the Right main landing gear Tire and typical return to service. You are a Certificated Private Pilot, A&P Mechanic or Repairman Certificate # 123456789

50. . AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE RECORD DATE DESCRIPTION OF WORK PERFORMED SIGNATURE