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AP Euro

AP Euro. Week 2: Renaissance and Reformation. Middle Ages: Main Ideas. In general, content with status quo (lack of progress) Church is center of life Feudal system – no large/powerful govts. Renaissance: Main Ideas. “Rebirth” in French Began in Italy (specifically Florence)

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AP Euro

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  1. AP Euro Week 2: Renaissance and Reformation

  2. Middle Ages: Main Ideas • In general, content with status quo (lack of progress) • Church is center of life • Feudal system – no large/powerful govts

  3. Renaissance: Main Ideas • “Rebirth” in French • Began in Italy (specifically Florence) • Rich from trade (ie. Medicis) • City-states • Secularism & Individualism • Life is more than a preparation for the hereafter • Important to enjoy life and shape own destiny

  4. Renaissance Art • Religious themes as well as classical mythology • Funded by patronage from Pope and merchants • Artists are recognized for their work

  5. Medieval Art

  6. Renaissance Art: Perspective • Trinity by Masaccio • Use of Perspective and depth  painting looks 3-D

  7. Renaissance Art: Realism • Virgin of the Rocks by Leonardo da Vinci (Renaissance Man) • Uses light, shadow, and expression to portray realistic human emotions

  8. Renaissance Sculpture • David by Michelangelo • Classical Style • Free-standing, nude • Proportional • Captured power & strength of humanity

  9. Renaissance Architecture • Greco-Roman style • Symmetry • Columns, Arches, Domes • Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore, designed by Brunelleschi

  10. Humanism • Literary movement of Renaissance • Inspired by Ancients (Greeks & Romans) • Dante: Late Middle Ages – wrote “Divine Comedy” in vernacular • Petrarch: “Father of Humanism,” poet • Boccaccio: Wrote “Decameron” • Bruni: Wrote history of Florence • Machiavelli: Wrote “The Prince” Political theorist

  11. Northern Renaissance Humanism • Northern Renaissance occurred in England, Germany, etc. after the Italian Renaissance • Emphasized old religious texts (ie. St. Augustine) instead of classics • “Christian Humanism” • Thomas More: wrote “Utopia,” social critic • Erasmus of Rotterdam:Wrote “Praise of Folly,” social and relg critic, criticized RCC

  12. New Monarchies • France: Louis XI (Valois) became king in 1453 • England: Henry VII (Tudor) seized throne after War of the Roses (1485) • Established Star Chamber • Spain: Ferdinand and Isabella’s marriage united Aragon and Castile (1469)

  13. Protestant Reformation • Abuses in Church • Pope Leo X allowed sale of indulgences to fund construction of St. Peter’s Basilica • Martin Luther • Troubled monk • 1517 – wrote 95 Theses and posted them on door of church at Wittenburg • 1521 – Diet of Worms: tried for criticizing church, excommunicated

  14. Luther’s Theology • “Justification by Faith” • Saved by God’s Grace, not by good works or sacraments • Kept only 2 sacraments: baptism and mass • “Sola Scriptura” – Bible is only spiritual authority • Translated Bible into German so all could read it • His ideas inspired Peasant Revolt of 1524-1525

  15. John Calvin’s Theology • Predestination: God decides in advanced who will be saved • “The Elect” • Church government: Theocracy • Set up “ideal” religious city in Geneva • “Protestant Rome”

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