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THE BRAIN

THE BRAIN. HISTORY. Thousands of years ago, many effects of brain disease & injuries were recorded  clues to inner workings Today, electrical, chemical and/or magnetic stimulation to parts of brain (TECHNOLOGY!) allows us to measure & visually study brain. HINDBRAIN/MIDBRAIN.

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THE BRAIN

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  1. THE BRAIN

  2. HISTORY Thousands of years ago, many effects of brain disease & injuries were recorded clues to inner workings Today, electrical, chemical and/or magnetic stimulation to parts of brain (TECHNOLOGY!) allows us to measure & visually study brain

  3. HINDBRAIN/MIDBRAIN • 1. medulla oblongata: heartbeat & breathing (nerve fibers crisscross to connect brain & body) • 2. pons: brain activity during sleep • 3. reticular activating system: runs length of the brain stem – alerts brain to stimulation & relays info, sleep, arousal, & attention

  4. HINDBRAIN/MIDBRAIN, PART II • cerebellum: “little brain” (extends from rear of brainstem) • nonverbal learning, memory, balance, rapid-fire calculations for muscles, etc. • works w/the basal ganglia (gray matter) to control deliberate movement

  5. FOREBRAIN • limbic system: emotions & motivations for basic needs, some memory processing, hormones • amygdala: fear/aggression • hypothalamus: maintenance – thirst/hunger, body temp, sexual behavior, autonomic nervous system • hippocampus: process & create memory

  6. FOREBRAIN, PART II thalamus: hub or filter for all senses except smell cerebral cortex: outermost covering of brain – intricate mass of neural cells held together by glial cells – info processing & adaptability

  7. FOUR LOBES • parietal : touch/speech (Broca’s area) • occipital: vision • temporal: hearing • frontal: motor control, attention, planning

  8. CORTEX motor cortex: (arch-shaped region at back of frontal lobe running from ear to ear) when stimulated, opposite side of body moves  message sender sensory cortex: (just behind motor cortex) gets info from skin senses & movement of body parts  message recipient (SOMATOSENSORY)

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