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Keys to an effective prelim talk

Keys to an effective prelim talk. Tamika John Prelim Support Group 15Aug2012. Overview. Telling your story Quick tips. Your presentation should be like a bedtime story. Keep it simple!! 2-way conversation Provide context Repetition Words used Aim titles Picture

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Keys to an effective prelim talk

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  1. Keys to an effective prelim talk Tamika John Prelim Support Group 15Aug2012

  2. Overview • Telling your story • Quick tips

  3. Your presentation should be like a bedtime story • Keep it simple!! • 2-way conversation • Provide context • Repetition • Words used • Aim titles • Picture • Keep going back to aim • Familiarity (reflection of your paper)

  4. Every good bedtime story has 3 parts • Beginning– Background/ Introduction • Middle- Preliminary data and proposal • End– Where will your research take the field

  5. Beginning- Background/ Introduction • Title • Outline • Background – from other labs, leads to gap • Must get to the gap (problem in field) – what your proposed work will fill **Top down approach – start general, get specific

  6. Every good bedtime story has 3 parts • Beginning– Background/ Introduction • Middle- Preliminary data and proposal • End– Where will your research take the field

  7. Middle - Preliminary results/ Proposal • Both must relate to gap and background (continuity) • Preliminary data • Reason why proposal makes sense • Usually generated in your lab

  8. Presenting preliminary (and background) data • Slide title must convey point of graph • Size of picture must be easy to see from all points in room (trick – open pdf with picture in Adobe, zoom in, print screen, pate and crop in Ppt) • Brief caption (if more than one graph/ slide) • Well labeled axes with units

  9. Presenting preliminary (and background) data • Size of font easy to read • Highlight what is important (arrows, add words, boxes) • Dot do too many tables (hard to read) • Credit the source • Avoid too much text

  10. Examples of graphs

  11. Memory CD8 cells show greatest inhibition of HIV replication • Experiment set-up • Sort CD8 cell subsets • Naïve • Memory • Terminal effectors • Measure cells’ capacity to inhibit virus Memory cells Can use limited wording to help remember experiment details Freelet al., J Virol, 2010

  12. Editing others’ data • Freel, Saunders, TomarasImmunologic Reviews 2011

  13. Presence of CD8+ T-cells inhibits virus replication Viral load following CD8 T-cell depletion CD8+ T-cell response Don’t be afraid to edit data from other sources so it is better fit for your presentation • Adapted from Freel, Saunders, TomarasImmunologic Reviews 2011

  14. VPA treatment significantly down-regulates expression (RNA) of cytokines in JR-HVS cells 5/10 cytokines that correlate to non-cytolytic suppression are regulated by acetylation Uses boxes and arrows to emphasize important points Cytokines Saunders et al Cell Immunology 2011

  15. Middle– Proposal • What you plan to do • Must make sense given: • Gaps in field • Preliminary data • Available technology • Expected time to defense • Should provide: • (Hypothesis) • Rationale • Approach • Expected outcome

  16. Proposal – Overall aim (gap) • Aim 1 • Aim 2

  17. Aim 1 - • Rationale as related to gap • Sub-aim 1A: • Sub-aim 1B:

  18. Aim 1A: • Rationale related to aim 1 • Approaches • 1. What experiment will you do? • Expected outcome? • Alternative • 2. What experiment will you do? • Expected outcome? • Alternative?

  19. Aim 1B: • Rationale related to aim 1 • Approaches • 1. What experiment will you do? • Expected outcome? • Alternative? • 2. What experiment will you do? • Expected outcome? • Alternative?

  20. Wrap up of Aim 1 • What will you learn? • Bridge aim 1 to aim 2

  21. Proposal – Overall aim (gap) • Aim 1 • Aim 2

  22. Aim 2 - • Rationale as related to gap • Sub-aim 2A: • Sub-aim 2B:

  23. Aim 2A: • Rationale related to aim 2 • Approaches • 1. What experiment will you do? • Expected outcome? • Alternative • 2. What experiment will you do? • Expected outcome? • Alternative?

  24. Aim 2B: • Rationale related to aim 2 • Approaches • 1. What experiment will you do? • Expected outcome? • Alternative • 2. What experiment will you do? • Expected outcome? • Alternative?

  25. Every good bedtime story has 3 parts • Beginning– Background/ Introduction • Middle- Preliminary data and proposal • End– where will your research take the field

  26. End - Summary • Wrap up each aim, relate to proposal • Wrap up proposal, relate to gap • Emphasize gap and relate to big picture • End with a bang – by completing these aims I will address gap and advance field **Bottom up approach – start specific, get wide

  27. Tips on giving an effective presentation

  28. Befriending your audience • Write a great paper • Provide outline in beginning/ be organized • Make sure background is sufficient: • Get everyone on same page • Assume they skimmed your paper but remember they are not dumb • Keep it simple • Avoid too much jargon • Emphasize and re-emphasize important points • Don’t tell them everything !! • Only tell most relevant points • They will ask what they want to know

  29. Befriending your audience • Make eye contact • Avoid strange mannerisms • Use laser pointer or stick, if none use mouse • Speak slowly • Be enthusiastic

  30. Must be organized for clear flow • Have all essential elements • Use flow-charts to help with complicated matters • Play around with slide order • No formula for number of slides • Enough to clearly convey info • Not too many

  31. Answering questions • Do NOT be a deer in headlights • Remember this is a conversation • Anticipate the obvious questions • Post acknowledgement slides • Hidden slides • Balance • Ask for clarification • Admit you don’t know but if you can work it out logically, try

  32. Pictures are worth a thousand words • Help explain complex ideas and relationships • Know everything in your picture • Use pictures effectively and wisely • Make sure there is continuity • Can find pictures online and edit with Paint • Credit source • Proper quality is a must • If you can not find a picture, make one • Paint • Photoshop • PowerPoint 2010 (can be downloaded from Duke OIT)

  33. Making pictures in PowerPoint • Use shapes • Can group objects then save as picture (prevents changes in color, object shifting) • Select objects to be in picture • Right click, select group • Right click group, select save as picture

  34. Basic tips - fonts • No weird fonts • Same font throughout • Text at least 20 pts • Normal colors • Transfer better between projectors • No neons or pastels • Colors should have meaning, utilize for continuity • Keep all wording near center of slide

  35. Using PowerPoint to your advantage • Hiding slides • Graphics to explain non-essential technologies

  36. Approach for Aim 1B – Determine if candidate gene loci are hyper-acetylated by VPA treatment • Approach: ChIP-Seq • ChIP: Chromatin Immunoprecipitation • Ab: H3K9Ac – open chromatin marker • Araki et al JI 2008 • Fannet al Blood 2006 • Alternatives: diAcH3, H3Ac • Isolate DNA associated with H3K9Ac in vivo • Seq: Sequencing • Identify genes encoded in DNA isolated via ChIP • Illumina – Sequencing by synthesis

  37. Illumina sequencing • Synthesis by sequencing • Library preparation • DNA amplification • Sequence generation • Align to genome Expected outcome: Identity and quantification of DNA fragments that differentially associate with H3K9Ac in VPA-treated and non-treated CD8+ cells Illumina

  38. Expected outcome of Aim 1 Determine which (if any) SOCS-related genes are responsible for the loss of CD8+ T-cell inhibition of HIV seen with VPA treatment of CD8+ T-cells.

  39. Using PowerPoint to your advantage • Hiding slides • Graphics to explain technologies • Hints for long author lists

  40. Examples of epigenetic regulation of the immune response • Interferons- Spilianakiset al Nature Immunology 2007 • Tumor Necrosis Factors -Sullivan et al Molecular Cell Biology 2007 • Chemokines • Walzeret al Journal Immunology 2003 • Yin et al Mucosal Immunology 2011 • Interleukins – Agarwalet al Immunity 1998 • Cytotoxic T-cells and epigenetics - Araki et al JI 2008

  41. Using PowerPoint to your advantage • Hiding slides • Graphics to explain non-essential technologies • Hints for long author lists • Use animations wisely • Learn to use PowerPoint • Duke OIT- • http://duke.edu/web/training/handouts/Office/PowerPoint.pdf • Microsoft - https://www.microsoft.com/atwork/skills/presentations.aspx#fbid=nATwp8osM_Z • Presenter view

  42. Practicing your talk • Multiple groups • Let someone else take notes - Provide with copy of slides • Take your own notes • Adjust after each practice • Allow interruptions • Video or voice record practices to identify areas of weakness • Practice in actual room • Projector • Microphone • Lighting • Temperature • Smells • Whiteboard/ markers Don’t forget back-up laser pointer and computer – crazy things tend to happen

  43. Questions?? Feel free to e-mail: Tamika tlj12@duke.edu

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