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The importance of water distribution networks

An-Najah National University Civil Engineering Department Analysis of the Water Distribution Network of Nablus Old City using EPANET program Submitted by: Magd Abd Al-haq Supervisor: Dr. Mohammad N . Almasri 2011. The importance of water distribution networks.

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The importance of water distribution networks

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  1. An-Najah National UniversityCivil Engineering DepartmentAnalysis of the Water Distribution Network of Nablus Old City using EPANET program Submitted by: Magd Abd Al-haq Supervisor: Dr. Mohammad N . Almasri 2011

  2. The importance of water distribution networks • water distribution networks are used to transmit water from the resources to the consumptions. • WDNs decrease the effort, time, cost and make the life easier • The efficiency is very important, and to check on this, a hydraulic analysis is carried out.

  3. The main objectives The main objective in this project is to make a hydraulically analysis of WDNs of Nablus old city using EPANET under the following two different scenarios: 1-existing steady-state condition 2-transient-state condition

  4. Description of study area • Nablus is a Palestinian city in the northern of West Bank , In the center of Nablus lies the old city. • The population of Old City about 12000 persons in 2010 • The area of Old City is .45 km2 • The city stands at an elevation of around 550 meters above the sea level , Old City elevation between (525-573)meters

  5. Input Data • Convert WDN from AutoCAD to EPANET

  6. The length for all pipes: by return to AutoCAD WDN , I measure the lengths of pipes and then enter them to EPANET • Elevation of the nodes :By return to AUTOCAD contour map

  7. • Demand :Diameters• By return to AUTOCAD WDN • Enter the Reservoir and its total head

  8. Enter the pump: and then made pump curve to enter flow and head • Hazen-Williams Coefficient depend On the age & type of pipe.

  9. • Demand: By making some calculation I find the demand such as →Population density= total population/area of Old City →Divided the total area into zones then calculating the areas of every zone then make our calculations on every zone that is Population=area(m2)/Population density• •Total consumption= Population* Per capita daily water consumption •Base Demand= total consumption/(1-loss%) →find the base demand on every node by Demand(region)/sum of node that serve this region =demand for the node from this region →convert unit from (L/d) to (m3/hr) by multiply all base demand by (1/24*1000) =.000042

  10. Existing steady – state analysis • Results • Pressure • There is no negative pressure in WDN for Nablus Old City • The highest value of pressure is 200 m. • The lowest value of pressure is 140 m.

  11. Existing steady – state analysis

  12. Existing steady – state analysis • Velocity • Values of velocity in Nablus Old City range from (0-2)m\s • We noted the velocity is low and not exceeded (3)m in any pipe that mean the pipes diameter is large, and the zero velocity return to that the network is new and the flow is relatively low

  13. Existing steady – state analysis

  14. Transient– state analysis • Demand • In order to find the demand at transient state consumption factor should be entered to patterns

  15. Transient– state analysis • Results • I took the results at peak factor (at hour 6) • Pressure • In transient conditions (hour 6), pressure range between (100-150),because whenflow increases pressure decreases ,and there is no negative pressure

  16. Transient– state analysis

  17. Transient– state analysis • Velocity Value of velocity range between (0-2.5)m\s , No value was above 3m,that when flow increases velocity increases

  18. Transient– state analysis

  19. Discussion • -For existing steady state conditions: • Not all the velocity values are within the acceptable range of(.2 -3m\s) there are alot of pipes that have velocities less than the minimum permissible limit , this is due to large diameters of pipes compared with its demand be served.that when flow decreases velocity decreases. • *The pressure at nodes must not be less than 20m and that what our network satisfies

  20. For transient state condition:- As we notice the population of the old city decreases not increases so we takeexisting transiate condition instead of future condition consider peak factor from pattern that at 6-8 a.m we notice that the flow increases at that time so the velocities increases and the pressure decreases but all are with acceptable limits and this means do not have proplems relating to the pressure in this network

  21. Recommendation There is no recommendation ,velocity at nodes withen acceptable range (.2-3)m/sec and pressure withen accptable range (no pressure less than 20m

  22. THE END THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION

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