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Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma. G. Jamjoom. Mollicutes. Five families – 200 species 16 species colonize humans 5 species associated with human disease. Properties of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma. Smallest free-living bacteria (0.1-0.3)um No cell wall

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Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

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  1. Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma G. Jamjoom

  2. Mollicutes • Five families – 200 species • 16 species colonize humans • 5 species associated with human disease

  3. Properties of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma • Smallest free-living bacteria (0.1-0.3)um • No cell wall (resistant to penicillins and cephalosporins) • Susceptible to tetracyclines and erythromycin • Cell membrane contains sterols (unique property) • Strict aerobes • Small colonies (fried-egg appearance (except M.pneumonia)

  4. Pathogenic Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma • Mycoplasma pneumonia : Respiratory tract • Mycoplasma hominis : Respiratory tract, Genitourinary tract • Mycoplasma genitalium : Genitourinary tract • Mycoplasma fermentans : Respiratory tract, Genitourinary tract • Ureaplasma urealyticum : Respiratory tract, Genitourinary tract

  5. Mycoplasma pneumonia • Only infects man • Worldwide disease • Transmitted by inhalation of droplets • Infection more in children than adults • Leads to loss of ciliated epithelial cells • Causes upper and lower respiratory infections

  6. Mycoplasma pneumonia Diagnosis : • Culture ( slow) • Molecular Diagnosis - PCR • Serolgy - Cold agglutinin (sensitivity 65%, poor specificity - ELISA

  7. Mycoplasma pneumonia Treatment : - Erythromycin - Fluoroquinolones - Tetracycline Vaccination : - No effective vaccine available

  8. Other Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma • Asymptomatic carriage common • Suspected role in : M.genitalium U. urealyticum: - nongonococcal urithrits M. Hominis : - pyelonephritis, pelvic inflammatory disease, postpartum fever

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