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Mycoplasma

Mycoplasma. Morphology and Staining. Mycoplasma has many different shapes because the microbe is absent of cell wall. Shapes of Mycoplasma by scanning electron microscopy. Blue color by Giemsa stain. Culture.

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Mycoplasma

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  1. Mycoplasma

  2. Morphology and Staining • Mycoplasma has many different shapes because the microbe is absent of cell wall.

  3. Shapes of Mycoplasma by scanning electron microscopy

  4. Blue color by Giemsa stain

  5. Culture • Mycoplasma is the smallest (0.2-0.3 µm) microbe that can grow on artificial cell-free-media and form very small colony on plate. • Mycoplasma grow slowly in blood or serum contained media and produce "fried egg" colonies on agar plates. • Due to the slow growth, the colonies need 3 weeks to develop. The colonies are extremely small.

  6. Human pathogens • There are many species in Mycoplasma in nature. Two genera are recognized as human pathogens: • Mycoplasma • Ureaplasma • Mycoplasma pneumoniae • Ureaplasma urealyticum

  7. Mycoplasma pneumoniae • cause primarily atypical pneumonia in human

  8. Virulent factors • P1 protein • an adhering membrane protein • Glycolipid antigen • Induce immunopathological injury • Capsule • resists phagocytosis and display cytotoxicity

  9. Ureaplasma urealyticum • Causes non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU). NGU is a common STD with or without clinical symptoms.

  10. Virulent factors • Phospholipase • Urease • IgA protease

  11. ◇ Laboratory diagnosis: Sample: Sputum or throat washings. Microscopy: Direct observation. Serological examination: Cold agglutinin test (IgM auto-antibody in sera of patients) and ELISA (P1 protein as the antigen).

  12. ◇ Treatment: Since Mycoplasma lacks cell wall, the penicillins and cephalosporins are ineffective. The common used antibiotics are tetracycline and erythromycin. ◇ Prevention:No vaccines are currently available

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