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CANARIE Inc

CANARIE Inc. “Canada’s National Optical Internet”. September 1998 http://www.canet2.net. turcotte@canarie.ca http://www.canarie.ca Tel: +1.450.671.8539. CA*net 3. World’s first national optical Internet

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CANARIE Inc

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  1. CANARIE Inc “Canada’s National Optical Internet” September 1998 http://www.canet2.net turcotte@canarie.ca http://www.canarie.ca Tel: +1.450.671.8539

  2. CA*net 3 • World’s first national optical Internet • First Internet network built from the ground up to support Internet first, voice second • All existing Internet networks are built on technology originally designed for voice - e.g. SDH/SONET & ATM • Consortium members include • Nortel, Newbridge, Cambrian, CISCO, Bell, etc • Key features: • use of individual DWDM wavelengths directly coupled to routers • Use intrinsic self healing capabilities of Internet and eliminate SDH/SONET and ATM layers • MPLS for layer 3 restoral, protection and traffic engineering

  3. National Optical Network CA*net 3 GigaPOP RAN SRnet WURCnet MRnet OC3 OC12 DS3 ACORN BCnet St. John’s Calgary OC3 Regina RISQ Winnipeg Charlottetown ONet OC48 Fredericton OC12 Teleglobe Montreal Halifax Ottawa Vancouver STAR TAP Toronto Chicago

  4. What is an Optical Internet? • WDM fibers where individual wavelengths are the link layer interconnect directly connected to routers via Optical ADM (Add Drop Mux) or WDM coupler • High Performance Router acts as the main switching routing device • Bypass or cut-thru connections via dedicated wavelengths • SONET or Gigabit Ethernet framing (also 10xGbE) • Use intrinsic self healing nature of Internet for redundancy and protection (don’t require SONET/SDH layer) • Traffic engineering and network management done via MPLS • Network design optimized for unique characteristics of Internet traffic

  5. Why build an Optical Internet? • Dramatic growth in IP traffic • ISPs are already starting to deploy OC-48 IP networks • Customers are starting to order OC-12 IP local loops • How soon before we need OC-192 or OC-768 IP?? • Future trends indicate IP growth will continue • IP telephony could be very, very big • New Internet 2 and CA*net 2 applications • Internet characteristics significantly different than traditional telecommunications traffic • If IP is the dominant traffic then optimize network design for IP • CA*net 3 will be world’s first network designed from the ground up to carry first and foremost, Internet traffic

  6. Data is 23x Voice Traffic Data Data is 5x Voice Traffic Voice Source:Lightwave April 1998 Traffic Growth

  7. The real driver for Optical Internet • Traditional OC-48 SDH/SONET network costs about $US 4000 - $5000 km per year • before overhead, engineering and maintenance • 20 year amortization on fiber and installation • 5 year amortization on optical amps, regen, SONET Mux, etc • Optical Internet with today’s technology costs about $US 500-$750 per kilometer per year • With low cost regen (e.g.10xGbE), low dispersion fiber, and long range optical amplifiers optical Internet will cost $US 100 - $200 per km per year • Optical Internet also has significantly less overhead, engineering and maintenance costs. • see Engineering paper http://www.canet2.net for financial analysis

  8. Opportunity for Canada • World leader in SONET/optical networking - JDS Fitel, Nortel, Cambrian, Positron Fiber Systems, CISCO Canada, PMC Sierra, QNX • Over 75% of the world’s Internet traffic is carried on equipment made in Canada • CISCO GSR12000 SONET I/F made in Ontario -95% market • Nortel Optical Transport made in Montreal - 75% market • Newbridge ATM switches made in Ottawa - 50% market • JDS Fitel optical components made in Ottawa -85% market • Possibility of leveraging our technology and leadership to increase export opportunities and job growth in this area • A network for basic research unparalleled anywhere in the world

  9. Acceptable Use Policy • Same AUP as CA*net 2 • Any Canadian organization that is doing high performance meritorious research or applications development that cannot be carried out on the commercial Internet • CA*net 3 will only interconnect GigaPOPs • One GigaPOP per province plus Ottawa - others may be added • GigaPOPs interconnect to regional high speed networks • Same Tier A/B/C policy as C2 • Allows CA*net 3 to peer with similar international research networks like Abilene, vBNS, etc • All institutions must maintain separate commercial Internet connection

  10. - CANARIE Drop Site CANARIE OC-48 Route National IP/WDM Network Edmonton Additional OC-192 WDM Routes for future use Saskatoon 4/BLSR Winnipeg Ottawa Calgary Regina Montreal Charlettown 4/BLSR Vancouver St. John’s 4/BLSR Fredericton Teleglobe Toronto Chicago Halifax 8 Wavelengths per route 4 reserved for traditional SONET 4/BLSR by carrier CANARIE OC-192 Route

  11. Optical Internet Architecture Both sides of 4/BLSR 1:1 span ring used for IP traffic Traditional SONET Mux or DCS Traditional SONET Mux or DCS WDM WDM 3 0C-48 Tx 2 OC-48 Rx High Priority Traffic Cannot exceed 50% of bandwidth in case of fiber cut Asymmetric Tx/Rx lambdas that can be dynamically altered Traditional SONET Restoral Low priority traffic that can be buffered or have packet loss in case of fiber cut

  12. Layer 3 Restoral • IP network is intrinsically self healing via routing protocols • By cranking down timers on interface cards and keep alive message time-out we can achieve same restoral speed as SONET • Biggest delay is re-calculation and announcement of changes in routing tables across the network • MPLS promises to simply the problem • maintain a set of attributes for restoral and optimization • may provide a consistent management interface over all transport services -WDM, SONET/SDH, ATM, Frame Relay, etc • Layer 3 restoral allows for more intelligent restoral • can use a hybrid mix of restoral and protection circuits • Can use QoS to prioritize customers and services • Only UDP packets (e.g telephony) require fast restoral • allows simultaneous use of both working and protection circuits

  13. Regional Optical Network Central Office To Commercial Internet To CA*net 3 Packet over SONET GigaBit Ethernet Dual Redundant Paths - can be switch protected or dual path OADM OXC? University A Router Local WDM Fiber Ring Provided by Cable Company or Telco Ethernet ATM OADM OADM Reuse of same wavelength University B ATM Analog Video OADM GigaPOP Router

  14. Example Physical Layer CA*net 2 Research Institute A Research Institute B Telco DWDM CA*net 3 ATM CSI Route Policy Server ATM Wireless RAN ATM DWDM University B Community College Wireless University A Distributed Municipal GigaPOP

  15. Example IP Layer AS ##1 AS ##2 CA*net 2 Regional GigaPOP Institutional GigaPOP Telco CA*net 3 PNNI X.x.x.x/ X.x.x.x/ iBGP CSI Route Policy Server iBGP RAN eBGP X.x.x.x/ OSPF Wireless X.x.x.x/ OSPF University B OSPF X.x.x.x/ Intermediate Cache X.x.x.x/ Community College Wireless University A High School or CAP site AS ##3 BGP Confederation ### Distributed GigaPOP Daughter Cache x.x.x.x/

  16. ISP B Web Server Packet over SONET OADM Ethernet ISP A ATM OADM OADM OADM Common Internet Exchange Router Optical Internet Exchange ISP C Small ISPs

  17. ISP B Web Farm ISP C ISP A Common Internet Exchange Router Small ISPs Optical Internet ExchangeLogical Diagram

  18. Gigabit Ethernet Framing • Gigabit Ethernet Framing advantages • frame size = packet size therefore packet switching and SAR more efficient and easier to implement • data format consistent with LAN format with no translation • low cost tributary service - do not need to terminate link on a router or SONET DCS equipment • new 10xGigabit Ethernet will equal OC-192 • standard SNMP MIBs, but not accessible by out of band • interoperable standard from many vendors • No scrambling sync or packet loss • Gigabit Ethernet Framing disadvantages • not very efficient with 8B/10B block coding • new 10xGigabit Ethernet may use more efficient coding • No standard out of band management or monitoring • But some WDM suppliers provide this

  19. SONET Framing • SONET framing advantages • well established jitter specifications • out of band management systems • can be used in SONET networks for fast restoral and protection • very high efficiency - over 98% • SONET framing disadvantages • no interoperable standard • SAR processing more complex as there can be multiple packets per frame, or packets can cross frame boundaries • tributary services require SONET mux services • no well established carrier network management protocols for fault detection and location, especially on long haul when SONET used in independent links

  20. ATM/IP Network IP SONET Network ADM ADM IP/ATM Network IP SONET Network OXC HDWDM OC-3084 ADM ADM OXC OXC OADM OADM IP Optical Network IP over ATM IP Sonet IP Optical QoS & VPNs up to OC3 Greater than OC-48 OC3, OC12, OC48 Future Optical InternetIntegrated Transport Services Different Protocol Stacks Integrated to provide different size bandwidth pipes and CoS

  21. ATM VCs ATM VCs SONET LSP SONET LSP DWDM LSP IP over ATM IP Sonet IP Optical QoS & VPNs up to OC3 OC-48, OC-192 OC3, OC12 Future Optical InternetMPLS as common management layer

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