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Understanding Gene Expression: Transcription and Translation in Eukaryotes

This chapter explores the intricate processes of gene expression in eukaryotes, highlighting the key stages of transcription and translation. It describes the structure of RNA, the roles of different types of RNA, and the significance of the promoter region in initiating transcription. The chapter features diagrams illustrating RNA polynucleotides and the tRNA structure, detailing codon pairing. It also covers essential processes like elongation, termination, and the impact of mutations on gene expression, providing a comprehensive overview with relevant figures and questions for better understanding.

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Understanding Gene Expression: Transcription and Translation in Eukaryotes

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 17 pictures

  2. prokaryotes Fig 17.3Gene expression eukaryotes

  3. Figure 17.4

  4. Question 17.1

  5. RNA polynucleotide chain is single-stranded.

  6. Structure of RNA Nucleotides

  7. Transcription

  8. Fig 17.7b

  9. Fig 17.8: Initiation of Transcription begins at the Promoter Region

  10. Fig 17.7: Transcription of RNA • Initiation of Transcription 2. Transcriptional Elongation 3. Termination of Transcription

  11. Pre-mRNA Modifications

  12. Figure 17.3 Eukaryotic Gene Expression

  13. Fig 17.10: Processing of Eukaryotic RNA

  14. Translation

  15. Gene flow and the triplet code

  16. Question 7.2

  17. Fig 17.5: Codon Chart

  18. Fig 17.14 Planer View Structure for t-RNA Amino acid Attachment site Anticodon region base pairs with mRNA

  19. 3-D and Barrel Shapes for t-RNA

  20. Computer-generated Model Fig 17.16 Ribosome Structure Schematic Model Schematic Model 2

  21. Initiation of Translation

  22. Fig 17.7 Initiation of Translation

  23. Initiation of Translation

  24. Elongation

  25. Elongation Peptide Bond

  26. Translocation

  27. Translocation

  28. Elongation Repeated

  29. Elongation and Translocation Repeated

  30. Termination UGA Stop Codon

  31. Termination Release Factor UGA

  32. Termination UGA

  33. Termination

  34. Fig 17.20Polyribosomes(Polysomes)

  35. Fig 17.24 Base Pair Substitutions

  36. Fig 17.23 Base-Pair Substitution in the Sickle Cell Gene leads to a Missense Mutation in the Codon.

  37. Fig 17.25 Insertions or Deletions in the DNA can lead to Frameshift Mutations in the Codon of mRNA

  38. Question 17.3

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