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COMPENSATION Third Canadian Edition Milkovich, Newman, Cole. Chapter 6 Person-Based Structures. Many Ways to Create Internal Structure. Business and Work-Related Internal Structure. Person-based (Chapter 6). Job-based (Chapters 4-5). PURPOSE. Skills . Competencies.
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COMPENSATIONThird Canadian EditionMilkovich, Newman, Cole Chapter 6 Person-Based Structures
Many Ways to Create Internal Structure Business and Work-Related Internal Structure Person-based (Chapter 6) Job-based (Chapters 4-5) PURPOSE Skills Competencies Collect, summarize work information Job analysis Job descriptions Skill analysis Core competencies Determine what to value Job evaluation: classes or compensable factors Skill blocks Competency sets Certification process Competency indicators Assess value Factor degrees and weighting Person-based structure Person-based structure Translate into structure Job-based structure
Skill-Based Pay Structures • link pay to the depth or breadth of the skills, abilities, and knowledge a person acquires that is relevant to the work • pay individuals for all the skills for which they have been certified regardless of whether the work they are doing requires all or just a few of those particular skills • very different approach compared to a job-based plan, which pays employees for the job to which they are assigned, regardless of the skills they possess
Types of Skill-Based Pay Plans • Specialist: In-Depth • Generalist / Multiskill-Based: Breadth
Purpose of the Skill-Based Structure • support the strategy and objectives • support work flow • fair to employees • motivate behaviour toward organizational objectives
Skill Analysis • a systematic process to identify and collect information about skills required to perform work in an organization.
Determining the InternalSkill-Based Pay Structure Skill certification Skill-based pay structure Skill analysis Skill blocks • Basic Decisions • What is the objective of the plan? • What information should be collected? • What methods should be used to determine • and certify skills? • Who should be involved? • How useful are the results for pay purposes?
Determining the InternalCompetency-Based Pay Structure Core competencies Competency sets Behavioural descriptors Competency – based pay structure • Basic Decisions • What is the objective of the plan? • What information should be collected? • What methods should be used to determine • and certify competencies? • Who should be involved? • How useful are the results for pay purposes?
Competencies • underlying, broadly applicable knowledge, skills, and behaviours that form the foundation for successful work performance (exhibited by excellent performers more consistently than average performers)
Competency-Based Pay Terminology Taken from mission statement; for example, “business awareness.” CORE COMPETENCY COMPETENCY SETS Grouping of factors that translate core competency into observable behaviour; for example, cost management, business understanding. COMPETENCY INDICATORS Observable behaviours that indicate the level of competency within a competency set. For example, “identifies opportunities for savings.”
Competency Analysis • a systematic process to identify and collect information about the competencies required for successful work performance • collect information on: • personal characteristics • visionary competencies • organization-specific competencies • establish certification methods
Achievement orientation Concern of quality Initiative Interpersonal understanding Customer service orientation Influence and impact Organization awareness Networking Directiveness Teamwork & cooperation Developing others Team leadership Technical expertise Information seeking Analytical thinking Conceptual thinking Self-control Self-confidence Business orientation Flexibility Top Twenty Competencies
Internal Alignment: Job- or Person-Based Structures • Purpose of job- or person-based pay plans • Internal pay structure to help achieve organizational objectives • Aligned with internal alignment policy • Supports business operations • Managing the plan • Manual • Communication to foster employee acceptance
Avoiding Bias in Pay Structures • Define the compensable factors and scales to include the content of jobs held predominantly by women. • Ensure that factor weights are not consistently biased against jobs held predominantly by women. Are factors usually associated with these jobs always given less weight? • Apply the plan in as bias free a manner as feasible. Ensure that the job descriptions are bias free, exclude incumbent names from the job evaluation process, and train diverse evaluators.
Conclusion • internal pay structures need to be aligned with the organization’s business strategy and values, the design of the work flow, and a concern for the treatment of employees • techniques for establishing internally aligned structures include the job-based approach (job analysis and job evaluation) and person-based approaches (skill/competency-based plans) • these techniques can aid in achieving the objectives of the pay system when they are properly designed and managed