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Chapter 15

Chapter 15. Learning About Hindu Beliefs. Objectives:. T o discover the origins of Hinduism in ancient traditions and how these beliefs affected life in ancient India and today . I can:. • E xplain the relationship among Vedic religion, Brahmanism , and Hinduism

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Chapter 15

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  1. Chapter 15 Learning About Hindu Beliefs

  2. Objectives: To discover the origins of Hinduism in ancient traditions and how these beliefs affected life in ancient India and today.

  3. I can: • Explainthe relationship among Vedic religion, Brahmanism, and Hinduism • Outlinethe social structure of the castesystem • Describeimportant beliefs in Hinduism and discuss their influence on daily life • Assessthe impact of ancient beliefs and practices on life in modern India

  4. Vocabulary: • Hinduism • Vedas • Sanskrit • Brahmanism • caste • dharma • Karma • reincarnation • pilgrimage

  5. Academic Vocabulary • affect • specific • interpret • divine • cycle

  6. Dharma: • Law, obligation, duty • To follow one’s dharma: • to perform one’s duties and so to live as one should • What would your dharma be?

  7. Dharma usually means “right conduct or behavior”.But remember that what is right conduct for a king may well be quite different from what is right conduct for a farmer.

  8. Hinduism is a religion that developed over time from ancient Indian traditions. • Its followers have many beliefs, deities, and practices that differ from place to place.

  9. Sacred text: • Ramayana • Tells about life in ancient India • Offers models in dharma • Central Figure: • Rama • Lives by the rules of dharma • Young boy = loyal son • Adult= loving husband, responsible ruler

  10. Key Hindu Beliefs: • Brahman • Deities • Karma • Samsara • Dharma

  11. 15.2 • Aryans brought the first parts/elements of Hinduism to India • All Hindus follow the basic beliefs of Hinduism that are laid out in the Vedas.

  12. 15.2 the Origins of Hinduism (Key Terms) • Vedas – Early Hindu religion which included sacred texts, hymns, and prayers • Sanskrit – An ancient language of India… The Vedas were written in Sanskrit. • Brahman – A class of priests or religious scholars that interpret the Vedas. • Brahmanism – Vedas develop into Brahmanism after the Brahman priest bring a standard way of worshipping the Vedas.

  13. 15.3 The Caste System • The way society was organized • Way of life • Four main social classes known as varna

  14. Shudras (servants, farmers, laborers) Brahmins (priests) Kshatriyas (Rulers, warriors) Vaishyas (Herders, merchants) Untouchables (out of caste/outcast)

  15. Born into a certain caste • Could never be changed • Could only marry in their own caste

  16. Turn & Talk Can you identify each caste correctly? What is each caste’s dharma? What does the middle picture represent?

  17. Beliefs about Brahman • Atman = soul • Circle = cycle of life, death, rebirth NOT resurrection Work of Brahman

  18. Samsara: • The cycle of birth, death and rebirth • Law of Karma: • the good and evil done ina person’s past life determines what happens to one’s soul in the next life • Determines a person’s caste

  19. As long as people are a part of samsara, = people will know pain, suffering and death • Reincarnation: when aperson’s soul is reborn into a new body after death • Samsara ends when the soul escapes from the cycle of rebirth. • reunited with Brahma, the supreme force of the universe

  20. Pilgrimages: a journey to a holy place • People travel to sacred places like the Ganges River • Believe the difficulty of the journey would cleanse them of their sins

  21. As Brahma (the Creator), • Vishnu (the Preserver), • Shiva (the Destroyer) • Together known as the Trimurti (3 forms)

  22. http://www.iskcondesiretree.net/group/krishnaconsciousness/forum/topics/lord-brahma-part-3-1http://www.iskcondesiretree.net/group/krishnaconsciousness/forum/topics/lord-brahma-part-3-1

  23. Shiva (destroyer)

  24. Vishnu preserver

  25. Swastika The swastika is an ancient symbol that has been found worldwide, but it is especially common in India. Its name comes the Sanskrit word svasti (sv = well; asti = is), meaning good fortune, luck and well-being. The swastika is most commonly used as a charm to bring good fortune (in which case the arms are bent clockwise), but it has a variety of religious meanings as well. http://www.religionfacts.com/hinduism/symbols/swastika.htm

  26. What connections can you make from what we have studied previously? Hinduism

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