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Understanding Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells: Characteristics and Functions

This educational resource explores the fundamental differences and similarities between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. It includes various questions that help identify typical characteristics, cellular structures involved in protein synthesis, and the functions of organelles like the Golgi apparatus and chloroplasts. Furthermore, students will learn the distinctions between DNA and RNA, as well as the variations between rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum and the cell wall versus the cell membrane. Perfect for biology students looking to deepen their understanding of cell biology.

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Understanding Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells: Characteristics and Functions

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  1. Standard 4 Erin and Brooke

  2. #1. • Study the data below. Which student has correctly identified the typical characteristics of a prokaryotic cell?

  3. #2 Study the table. Which student correctly compares prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? • Student 1 • Student 2 • Student 3 • Student 4

  4. A. 1 package protein, and 3 synthesizes protein. B. 1 packages protein, and 4 synthesizes protein. C. 2 packages protein, and 3 synthesizes protein. D. 2 packages protein, and 4 synthesizes protein. #3. Which cellular structures are involved in synthesizing and packaging protien?

  5. #4. What are the differences between structures 1 and 2? • A. Ribosomes are produced in structure 1, and DNA is stored in structure 2. • B. DNA is stored in structure 1, and ribosome are produced in in structure 2. • C. RNA is stored in structure 1, and DNA is stored in structure 2. • D. DNA is stored in structure 1, and RNA is stored in structure 2.

  6. #6 What are the similarities of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

  7. #7 What is the difference between DNA and RNA??

  8. TRUE or FALSE… #8 The Golgi Apparatus is an organelle.

  9. #9 TRUE or FALSE… A vacuole is a Prokaryotic cell.

  10. #10 Identify and explain the function of this organelle.

  11. #11 What type of cell is this?

  12. THE ANSWER IS…. Eukaryotic; plant cell. We know it is eukaryotic because it has the organelles in it. We know it is a plant cell because it has flat sides, a large central vacuole & is green

  13. #12 What occurs in Chloroplast?

  14. THE ANSWER IS…. Photosynthesis

  15. What is the difference of Rough ER and Smooth ER? #13 • Rough = packages lysosomes, Smooth = envelope to the nucleus. • Rough = envelope to the nucleus, Smooth = packages lysosomes. • Both do the same thing.

  16. #14 Which organelles are ribosomes found on?

  17. #15 What is the difference between the cell wall and the cell membrane?

  18. #16 Examine the diagram below • What are the similarities & differences between organelle 1 & 2 ? • Both are double membrane-bound organelles, but 1 conducts respiration & 2 conducts photosynthesis • Both are double membrane-bound organelles but 1 conducts photosynthesis and 2 conducts respiration • Both are single membrane-bound organelles, but 1 conducts respiration & 2 conducts photosynthesis • Both are single membrane-bound organelles, but 1 conducts photosynthesis & 2 conducts respiration

  19. #17 Which cellular structures are involved in synthesizing & packaging proteins? • 1 packages protein & 3 synthesizes protein • 1 packages protein & 4 synthesizes protein • 2 packages protein & 3 synthesizes protein • 2 packages protein & 4synthesizes protein

  20. #18 What are the differences between structures 1 & 2? • Ribosomes are produced in structure 1, & DNA is stored on structure 2 • DNA is stored in structure 1 & ribosomes are produced in structure 2 • RNA is stored in structure 1 & DNA is stored in structure 2 • DNA is stored in structure 1 & RNA is stored in structure 2

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