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What causes the Climate and Seasons?

What causes the Climate and Seasons?. Climate . Climate: The long term weather patterns of an area Weather: The current conditions in the atmosphere. What C auses Climate and Seasons?. Tilt of the Earth 23.5°: Causes the seasons. Summer Solstice. June 22 or 23 rd : Longest day of the year

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What causes the Climate and Seasons?

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  1. What causes the Climate and Seasons?

  2. Climate • Climate: The long term weather patterns of an area • Weather: The current conditions in the atmosphere

  3. What Causes Climate and Seasons? • Tilt of the Earth • 23.5°: Causes the seasons

  4. Summer Solstice • June 22 or 23rd:Longest day of the year • Northern hemisphere tilted toward the sun • Earth is at its furthest distance away from the Sun

  5. Winter Solstice • December 22 or 23rd: Shortest day of the year • Northern hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun • Earth is at its closest point distance to the sun

  6. September Equinox • September 21 or 22nd • Also called Autumn Equinox • Day and night are 12 hours • Solar radiation equal in both hemispheres • Not tilted toward or away from the Sun

  7. March Equinox • March 20 or 21st • Also called spring equinox • Day and night are 12 hours • Solar radiation equal in both hemispheres • Not tilted toward or away from the Sun • link

  8. Latitude • Affects the amount of solar radiation that reaches Earth

  9. Tropics • 0-23° N and S latitude • Solar radiation is the most intense • No seasonal changes • Day and night are about 12 hours each

  10. Temperate Regions • 23° - 66° • Solar radiation is more spread out • Definite seasonal changes • We live about 42° N latitude

  11. Polar Regions • 66° - 90° • Solar radiation is least intense • Radiation has to travel a lot further • Colder temperatures year round

  12. Angle of Insolation • The angle at which the sun’s rays hit Earth • Angle depends on latitude

  13. Angle of Insolation • ~90° at the Equator • ~30° when tilted away • ~70° when tilted towards

  14. Angle of Insolation • Tilted away: winter • Tilted towards: summer • Straight on: fall and spring

  15. Angle of Insolation • THE LARGER THE ANGLE OF INSOLATION IS, THE HIGHER THE TEMPERATURE IS ON EARTH!

  16. Topography • The surface features of an area • Influences the amount of precipitation an area receives

  17. Topographic Map

  18. Rain Shadow • Area that is shadowed by a mountain range • Causes lower precipitation on one side of the range • Large body of water  mtn. range  dry area

  19. Ocean and Lake Effects • Near coast lines there is a lot of water in the air • Water has a high latent heat • Makes coast lines cooler in the summer and warmer in the winter

  20. Microclimates • Localized climate that differs from the surrounding climate • North vs. South side of building • Affects landscaping

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