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Density, Specific Gravity, and Specific Volume

Density, Specific Gravity, and Specific Volume. Density. Definition: Mass per unit volume of a substance. It is usually expressed as grams per cubic centimeter. Specific gravity

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Density, Specific Gravity, and Specific Volume

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  1. Density, Specific Gravity, and Specific Volume

  2. Density Definition: Mass per unit volume of a substance. • It is usually expressed as grams per cubic centimeter. Specific gravity Definition: The ratio of the weight of the of a substance to the weight of an equal volume of a substance chosen as a standard, both having the same temperature. • Water is used as the standard for the specific gravities of liquids and solids. Example What is the weight of 500 ml of a substance having specific gravity of 9.8 ?? Answer volume of a substance = 500 ml volume of water = 500 ml weight of water = 500 g Specific gravity = weight of liquid / weight of water Weight of liquid = 9.8 x 500 = 4900 g

  3. Specific volume Definition: The ratio of the volume of a substance to the volume of an equal weight of another substance taken as standard, both having the same temperature. • Water is the standard for liquids and solids. • Specific gravity and specific volume are reciprocals of each other – if they are multiplied together the product is 1. Example What is the specific volume of phosphoric acid having a specific gravity of 1.71? Answer Sp. Volume x Sp. Gravity = 1 Sp. Volume = 1 / 1.71 = 0.58

  4. Specific volume (Cont.) • A substance that is heavier than water has a higher specific gravity lower specific volume. • A substance that is lighter than water has a lower specific gravity higher specific volume. To calculate the weight of a liquid when given its volume and specific gravity: Weight of liquid = weight of equal volume of water x specific gravity of liquid To calculate the weight of a liquid when given its volume and specific gravity: Volume of equal weight of water Volume of liquid = Specific gravity of liquid

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