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Lesson XL (40)

Lesson XL (40). 3 rd declension nouns. Third Declension Nouns!. Latin has 5 declensions of nouns. Declensions are groups of nouns which share the same endings. 3 rd declension nouns. Third declension is the largest declension of nouns.

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Lesson XL (40)

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  1. Lesson XL (40) 3rd declension nouns

  2. Third Declension Nouns! • Latin has 5 declensions of nouns. • Declensions are groups of nouns which share the same endings.

  3. 3rd declension nouns • Third declension is the largest declension of nouns. • Third declension includes masculine, feminine, and neuter nouns (we’ll work with the neuter nouns later on). • Both masculine and feminine 3rd declension nouns use the same chart.

  4. 3rd declension nouns • Third declension nouns are identified by the –is ending in the genitive singular. pax, pacis (f.) lex, legis (f.) salus, salutis (f.) dux, ducis (m.)

  5. 3rd Declension Endings Singular Plural Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative --- -es -is -um -i -ibus -em -es -e -ibus

  6. Step 1 – Find the noun stem The noun stem is found by dropping the genitive singular ending from the noun. Dictionary entry of a noun: pax,pacis, f. peace Nominativesingular Genitive singular Gender Meaning pacis– is =pac Noun Stem

  7. Step 2: Add the case endings to the noun stem. pax, pacis (f.) Singular Plural Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative pax pac pac pac pac pac pac pac pac pac ibus ibus e es is em es i um

  8. Nouns and Adjectives • The adjectives you have learned thus far are called “1st/2nd declension adjectives” • Therefore, they do not use 3rd declension endings! • But what if you need to use an adjective to describe a 3rd declension noun?!?!

  9. Nouns and Adjectives • Remember our old abbreviation G-N-C? • Nouns and adjectives agree in gender, number, and case. • They DO NOT have to agree in declension! • This means: sometimes nouns and adjectives have endings that AGREE but don’t MATCH.

  10. Nouns and Adjectives • Let’s say we want to decline the pair of words “a good law.” • Lex, legis (f.)---law • bonus, BONA, bonum---good • So, a good law is a “lex bona” • Let’s see what it looks like…

  11. Lex Bona“a good law” Nom. lex bona legesbonae Gen. legisbonaelegumbonarum Dat. legibonaelegibusbonis Acc. legembonamlegesbonas Abl. lege bonalegibusbonis Singular Plural

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