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Effect of Electricity on Living Tissue

Effect of Electricity on Living Tissue. Electrolytic Effect Faradic Effect Thermal Effect. Electrolytic Effect. Produced by DC/ AC of very low frequency (<5kHz). The +ve & -ve ions in the cell move to the –ve & +ve poles. Electrolytic damage to the tissue. Faradic Effect.

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Effect of Electricity on Living Tissue

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  1. Effect of Electricity on Living Tissue • Electrolytic Effect • Faradic Effect • Thermal Effect

  2. Electrolytic Effect • Produced by DC/ AC of very low frequency (<5kHz). • The +ve & -ve ions in the cell move to the –ve & +ve poles. • Electrolytic damage to the tissue.

  3. Faradic Effect • Produced by AC of >20 kHz • Stimulation of nerve & muscle cells – Undesirable • Can be avoided by using current of >300kHz

  4. Thermal Effect • Produced with AC >300kHz • Tissue gets heated leading to three possibilities, depending on- • Current density, • Duration of application & • Specific resistance of the tissue. • This is the effect for clinical use.

  5. Frequency Spectrum

  6. What is electrosurgery? ESU:- is a generator capable of producing a cutting and/or coagulating clinical effect on tissue by the use of alternating current at a high frequency (RF – radio frequency, also known as radio surgery). Voltages and currents may vary depending on the desired clinical effect.

  7. Electro cautery Direct current through a high resistance metallic conductor It is essentially application of heat and burning of tissue Electro surgery High Frequency Alt. Current through living tissue Manipulation of electrons to produce heat within the cells to destroy the tissue 1 Electro cautery and Electro surgery

  8. Electro cautery and Electro surgery electro surgery electrocuatery

  9. Monopolar Electrosurgery

  10. Electrosurgical type • Electrosurgical system can be divided into two type: • Monopolar electrosurgery. • Bipolar electrosurgery.

  11. Electrosurgical Mode Differentiation Coagulation Mode

  12. Electrosurgical Mode Differentiation

  13. Bipolar Electrosurgery

  14. Main Block Diagram

  15. Flow of Current

  16. Notes 1-HF electrosurgical instruments are operated at a base frequency of > 300 kHz. 2-Monopolar cutting and coagulation and bipolar coagulation are, traditionally, widely used applications

  17. A cut current (cut)supplies high frequency current, non interrupted, with low voltage (Vp-p=1000). A clot current (coag) supplies an interrupted-wave current, with high voltage (Vp-p=6000); in this case the electro-generator supplies power only in 6% of the time (on) while in the remaining 94% the generator does not produce power (off) allowing the electrode cool. These on-off cycles are called duty cycles.

  18. For example: -Blend1 means that ESU supplies power only in 80% of the time (on) while in the remaining 6% the generator does not produce current (off) (Vp-p=1200) -Blend2 means that ESU supplies power only in 60% of the time (on) while in the remaining 40% the generator does not produce current (off) (Vp-p=1500) -Blend3 means that ESU supplies power only in 50% of the time (on) while in the remaining 50% the generator does not produce current (off) (Vp-p=2000) • A blended current is just a continuous cut current which is interrupted by creating several on-off cycles (duty cycles).

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