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Science & Technology Policy Institute

OECD Smart Specialisation Workshop May 10-11, 2012. Gwangju Photonics Cluster: Instilling Bottom-up Processes. Science & Technology Policy Institute . LEE, Jeong Hyop , Ph.D (STEPI) YOO, Dong Guk , Ph.D ( Gwangju Technopark ). Contents. Introduction

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Science & Technology Policy Institute

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  1. OECD Smart Specialisation Workshop May 10-11, 2012 Gwangju Photonics Cluster: Instilling Bottom-up Processes Science & Technology Policy Institute LEE, JeongHyop, Ph.D (STEPI) YOO, Dong Guk, Ph.D (GwangjuTechnopark)

  2. Contents • Introduction • Key features of the cluster/domain • Regional and national policies that have been decisive for prioritisation of domains • Future development of the cluster: grasping the opportunities for smart specialisation?

  3. 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Case study introduction • Different context of Smart Specialisation Strategies • - Western bottom-up vs. Korean top-down • Gwangju photonics cluster • - Sharp growth through localization of national strategic industrial programs • - Searching for new governing mechanism for new technological opportunities

  4. 1. Introduction 2 1.2 Definition of the eco-system and its boundaries • Gwangju Photonics cluster: an agglomeration of the photonics industry with strong policy intervention Location of Gwangju and photonics cluster

  5. 1. Introduction 3 1.2 Definition of the eco-system and its boundaries Photonics cluster and major players • Universities (4): ①Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (HQ), ②Chosun University (industry-academy campus), ③Chonnam National University (industry-academy campus), ④Nambu University (HQ) • Research Institutes (9): ⑤ Advanced Photonics Research Institute, ⑥ Gist Technology Institute, ⑦ Energy and Climate Change Research Center, ⑧ ETRI (Optical Communication Research Center), ⑨ KITECH (Gwangju Research Center), ⑩ KETI (Gwangju Regional Branch), ⑪ National Institute of Environmental Research (Honam Branch), ⑫Korea Photonics Technology Institute, ⑬KATECH GwangjuCenter • Service agencies (7): ⑭GwangjuTechnopark, ⑮Korean Industrial Complex Corp., ⑯Korea Association for Photonics Industry Development, ⑰Honam Leading Industry Office, ⑱Gwangju Science and Technology Cooperation Center, ⑲Gwangju Design Center, ⑳ Green Car Parts Industry Promotion Foundation

  6. 2. Key features 4 2.1 Historical development description • Asian Crisis in late 1997 and local consensus for new economic development • Localization of national strategic industry from comprehensive advice and opinions from central government, universities, research institutes, etc • Two principles of the local Research Committee on S&T Strategy (1998): no duplication with other regions and new industry linked to national strategic industry promotion programs • Official announcement of photonics industry vision and promotion strategies (2000) with SERI feasibility study and KIET consulting report

  7. 2. Key features 5 2.1 Historical development description Photonics Industry Growth in Gwangju

  8. 2. Key features 6 2.1 Historical development description Brief history of local economic growth and future direction of Gwangju • Next Generation Automotive Electronic Parts Center (2007) GRDP in Billion Korean Won • Gwangju Design Center(2005) • LED/LD center for packing pilot production technology extension(2002) • 1st Regional Strategic Industrial Promotion Program: Photonics industry in Gwangju • Korea Association for Photonics Industry Development 2000) • 3rdRegional Strategic Industrial Promotion Program: Four strategic industries(2009) • 2ndRegional Strategic Industrial Promotion Program: Electronic appliances(2003) • Korea Photonics Technology Instittute(2001) • Inter-regional Networking for New Industrial Promotion • GwangjuTechnopark(1999) 1990 2000 2009 2020 Center of the South West Region Strategic Industrial promotion New Regional Industrial Promotion

  9. 2. Key features 7 2.2 Key assets in the economic system Major institutes of Gwangju photonics cluster

  10. 2. Key features 8 2.2 Key assets in the economic system Functions of major institutes Note: Functional Importance: ◎ > ○ > △

  11. 2. Key features 9 2.2 Key assets in the economic system

  12. 2. Key features 10 2.2 Key assets in the economic system

  13. 2. Key features 11 2.2 Key assets in the economic system • LED: Samsung LED, LG Innoteck, Seoul Semiconductor, etc • Optical communication: Samsung Fiberoptics, Taihan, LSIS, etc Unit: billion won, persons

  14. 3. Regional and national policies 12 3.1 Governance

  15. 3. Regional and national policies 13 3.2 Priority setting

  16. 3. Regional and national policies 14 3.2 Priority setting

  17. 3. Regional and national policies 15 3.3 Key policy instruments and investment

  18. 3. Regional and national policies 16 3.4 Coordination activities • Coordination mechanism • - public institutes specialized in specific functions with their technological and human capacities • - promotion of local photonics industry and extensive attraction of large companies and technology SMEs • - thematic networks organized by local promotion agencies • Issues for further cluster development • - Regional: fine-tuning of governing mechanism of local and economic region for intensifying current networks • - National: support for nation-wide expansion of new photonics product development • - International: strategic FDI inducement, expansion of various research and marketing collaboration

  19. 3. Regional and national policies 17 3.5 Efforts to measure effects and impacts Photonics industry growth by development phase (Unit: Billion Won, Person, Company, %) Shift-share Analysis of Gwangju Photonics Industry Unit: Billion Won, %

  20. 3. Regional and national policies 18 3.5 Efforts to measure effects and impacts Growth Index of Gwangju Photonics Industry Unit : % Agglomeration Index of Gwangju Photonics Industry Unit:: %

  21. 4. Future development 19 4.1 Ambition, strategic plans and catalysts • Photonics 2020: New Vision for Photonics Industrial Development (2010) • Vision: to leapfrog to global top 3 from top 5 (current) and become a photonics global hub • Three developmental goals • - photonics R&D cluster development through innovation and research capacity building • - industrial capacity building by attract large companies, boosting SME technology companies, and FDI inducement with high caliber development • - backward and forward industrial linkages and cooperation system by creation of joint demand among linked industries, localization of core parts and materials, international R&D cooperation and marketing • Four strategies • - securing original technology development capacity by promoting next generation photonics technology development and enhancing global standard leadership with accreditation and testing infrastructure • - identifying new growth engines by focusing on fusion photonics technology areas for which the local technological capacities to produce core optical parts can be leveraged • - attracting domestic and foreign large companies and nurturing local SMEs by intensifying business services • - capacity building and effective coordination of local photonics support agencies

  22. 4. Future development 20 4.2 Strategic intelligence tools • Locked in the previous policy decision making process, which is strong dependence on government programs such as R&D special zone program • Smart specialisation strategy concept as an appropriate tool for critical review and revision of current strategies with strong participation of local networks

  23. 4. Future development 21 4.3 Strategies fitness Growth capabilities of Gwangju photonics industry Note: ◕ > ◑ > ◔ > ◯

  24. 4. Future development 22 4.4 Opportunities for international eco-system development • The main competitive advantages in the cluster • - strong engineering capabilities which surpass the Chinese and are almost equal to western countries with price competitiveness • - GPT (general purpose technologies) for next generation photonics industry, which are partially available through GIST and other local universities • - diverse engineering extension networks such as product development, testing, and pilot production with local universities, research institutes, etc. • To diversify local photonics industry which is currently focused on LED and optical communication, it is required to extensively expand its national and global networks for securing knowledge and marketing.

  25. 4. Future development 23 4.5 Stakeholder and policy dialogue

  26. 4. Future development 24 4.6 Bottlenecks and threats • Weak capacities in the emerging areas of optical lens, sensors, lasers, etc which serve as a source of new fusion industries • Shrinkage of the domestic LED market at the moment, especially in LED TVs • Uncertain domestic and international procurement markets for green growth (reliability, price, etc) • Rapid catch-up of Chinese companies in the area of LED and optical communication parts and modules • Weak local linkages for next generation industry in the region and with global players

  27. 4. Future development 25 4.6 Bottlenecks and threats

  28. 4. Future development 26 4.7 Searching for local future with the concept of SSS

  29. Thank you for your attention!

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