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Understanding Ion Formation and Lewis Dot Structures

Learn about the orbital notation for Boron, Aluminum, Magnesium, and Silicon. Explore the formation of ions, including anions and cations, as atoms gain or lose electrons for a full valence shell. Understand the charges and electron configurations involved in ion formation.

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Understanding Ion Formation and Lewis Dot Structures

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  1. Warm-up: To be turned in • Write the orbital notation for the following atoms: Boron Aluminum Magnesium Silicon

  2. Formation of Ions

  3. Ions • An atom that has gained or lost electrons • Two types • Anions: atom which has gained electrons, has a negative charge • Cation: atom which has lost electrons; has a positive charge • Atoms gain or lose electrons in order to have a full valence shell

  4. Formation of Ions +1 +2 +3 +4 -3 -2 -1

  5. Ions and Lewis Dot Structures • Cations: Original valence shell will be empty • Write chemical symbol and charge of the ion • Ex: Na+, Al 3+ • Anions: original valence shell will now be full • Write chemical symbol with 8 dots and charge • Ex: Cl-, O 2-

  6. Ions and Electron Configurations • Cations: Write configuration of noble gas which precedes element • Ex: Na+= 1s22s22p6 = [Ne] • Anions: Write the electron configuration of the noble gas which follows the element • Ex: P3-= 1s22s22p63s23p6 = [Ar]

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