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Internationalisation of French universities : towards an integrated management ?

This report from December 9th, 2008, outlines the evolution and strategies for enhancing the internationalisation efforts of French universities. It delves into the history of cooperation, the influence of national policies, the impact of European initiatives like Erasmus and the Bologna process, challenges in institutional administration, and the shift towards more strategic international management in the coming decade. -

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Internationalisation of French universities : towards an integrated management ?

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  1. Internationalisation of French universities : towards an integrated management ? Patricia Pol Vice président Université Paris-Est Bologna expert OECD, December 9th 2008

  2. Outline • A strong tradition of cooperation and attractivity at national level these last 20 years • Contributing to the implementation of an administration of European and international relations at the institutional level • Moving to a more strategic international management for the next decade through coo-petition strategies OECD, December 9th 2008

  3. A strong tradition of cooperation and attractivity at a national level OECD, December 9th 2008

  4. I.1 The attractivity of foreign students • A long tradition 100 000 in 1976, 160 000 in 1990 (2d country after the US and before the UK and Germany 170 000 in 1993 : after the US and UK since 2000 : 3rd or 4th range (225 000 in 2006, 12% of the student population) after US, UK, Germany • A definition based on nationality , around 75% being mobile without a French Baccalauréat A large majority coming on an individual basis - The importance of history More than 50% come from Africa OECD, December 9th 2008

  5. International students (2006) (Foreign student without a French Bac) Africa 47% ( 157%) Asia 22 % ( 275%) 160 000 122% in 10 years Europe 24% (32% in 1996) ( 51%) America 7% (10% in 1996) ( 58%) OECD, December 9th 2008

  6. I.2A voluntarist national policy • The Ministry of Foreign affairs has a specific department for Higher education and scientific cooperation • 100 M grants (boursiers du gouvernement français) • Bilateral programmes (exemple with Brasil since 1978: Cofecub extended to many countries and programmes) • Capacity building funds for developping countries (Fonds de solidarité prioritaire) OECD, December 9th 2008

  7. Creation of National agencies • 1960 : CIES (centre international pour étudiants et stagiaires) Egide • 1998 :Edufrance to promote HE • 2005 : Centre d’études pour la France CampusFrance • 2008 : towards a Mobiliy agency resulting from different mergers OECD, December 9th 2008

  8. - The regulation of institutional services In the 1984 law for higher education (loi Savary): international cooperation is one the mission of the universities which are supposed to organise a specific department for foreign students • The contractualisation policy 1990-2005 : « le volet international » OECD, December 9th 2008

  9. I.3 The determinant role of the European policy • 1987 : Eramus France is at the second place for incoming and outgoing students (23 000/year) • 1998- 99 : the Bologna process and the LMD reform (2002) - New curricula, new recognition tools, new partnerships OECD, December 9th 2008

  10. Outgoing mobility (2006) Western Europe 78% France 70 000 Asia 4% 3% Central Europe 15%North America OECD, December 9th 2008

  11. II. Contributing to the implementation of an administration of European and international relations at the institutional level OECD, December 9th 2008

  12. Some common trends since the 90’s* • Nomination of vice president or « politic actors » in most of the universities since 2000 • Development of « international relations » departments at a central level and faculty level • dealing mainly with mobility (in and outgoing) at undergraduate and graduate levels within cooperation agreements • with an average of 5 administrative staff • Strong differenciation between individual and organised mobile students OECD, December 9th 2008

  13. Difficulty to articulate training and research international policies the individual and the laboratory levels being the reference for research Creation of « Europe departments » for European research tenders • However the impact of the Bologna process on the curricula, Europe is not the priority in the interntional policies OECD, December 9th 2008

  14. III. Moving to a more strategic international management for the next decade OECD, December 9th 2008

  15. When the international dimension is not anymore a context but a condition of research and teaching • It becomes part of the whole institutional strategy • And will be integrated in the whole departments and services of the university : academic affairs, student services, research services, finance, professionnal services, human resource management... OECD, December 9th 2008

  16. International staff recruitment • International student recruitment at each level (BMD) • International programmes for evevybody at master and doctorate levels whatever the institution  Reshaping the international divisions through expertise functions OECD, December 9th 2008

  17. Developing strong strategic cooperation and alliances • At a regional level : * European : beyond 2010 Going on implementing the « Bologna tools » and articulating the EHEA to the ERA Encouraging more intra European and external mobility (horizontal and vertical) (see the target of a 50% mobility for the group age 16-24 for the UE) * Regional clusters : PRES (pôle de recherche et d’enseignement supérieur) OECD, December 9th 2008

  18. At an international level • being active in international and regional associations • belonging to scientific networks • Developping international paths and joint degrees and with strategic partners (example of HEC with MIT and Fudan) • Strenghening international alliances OECD, December 9th 2008

  19. Conclusion • In 20 years, internationalisation has shifted from an individual basis to an institutional dynamics through more professionalised international divisions • Although the context leads to more competition and fastens the main trends, the experience of strong cooperation strategies could become a competitive advantage for any profile of institutions OECD, December 9th 2008

  20. Main references • F.Barthélemy, C.Musselin, P.Pol, « L’internationalisation des universités, analyse comparée des politiques et organisations de l’international », Rapport DEPP, décembre 2008. • Notes de CampusFrance « l’organisation des relations internationales dans les universités en France », 2006 • Rapport du Conseil d’analyse stratégique, Encourager la mobilité des jeunes en Europe, orientations stratégiques pour la France et l’Union Européenne, juillet 2008. • Report of the High level expert forum on mobility, july 2008 OECD, December 9th 2008

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