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Performance Evaluation of Scintillators: CsI, BGO, and NaI(Tl) Using 137Cs Source

This study investigates the scintillation properties of various crystal materials, specifically CsI(Na), CsI(Tl), BGO, and NaI(Tl), using a collimated 137Cs source emitting 661 keV photons. Measurement setups involved 2 PMT readouts, with focus on energy resolution, light yield uniformity, and position resolution analysis across different distances. Results indicate CsI(Na) achieved 9.6% energy resolution, while BGO exhibited significant non-uniformity in light yield. These findings provide crucial insights for optimizing scintillator applications in nuclear detection and imaging.

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Performance Evaluation of Scintillators: CsI, BGO, and NaI(Tl) Using 137Cs Source

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  1. Tests of scintillators CsI, CsI(Na), BGO, NaI(Tl) CsI(Tl)

  2. CsI(Na) 15 x 15 mm 9 x 9 mm 170 mm

  3. Full absorption CsI(Na) scintillator with 2 PMT readout Measurement without collimation 137Cs, 661 keV Energy of PMT 2 (big window) Energy of PMT 1 (small window)

  4. Ratio (position) Sum (energy) CsI(Na) measured with a collimated source Energy of PMT 2 (big window) Energy of PMT 1 (small window)

  5. Energy spectrum (sum of 2 PMT’s energies) Energy resolution 9.6% at 661 keV Constant for the position of the interaction Sum of 2 PMTs energies

  6. Position resolution (ratio of the PMT’s energies) 5 cm 10 cm 15 cm Light division between 2 PMTs

  7. Position resolution

  8. Position resolution Position resolution 1.5 – 3 cm

  9. Mean absorption distance

  10. Readout with one PMT 15 cm 10 cm 5 cm

  11. CsI, pure

  12. Energy resolution Resolution 17 – 19 % Sum energy

  13. Position resolution 5 cm 10 cm 15 cm Light division between 2 PMTs

  14. Position resolution

  15. Position resolution Position resolution 2 – 8 cm

  16. BGO

  17. BGO scintillator with 2 PMT readout Scintillator was illuminated by Cs137 source (661 keV) without a collimator Strong nonuniformity of light yield along the crystal distance Energy of PMT 2 (big window) Energy of PMT 1 (small window)

  18. BGO collimated measurement Full absorption

  19. BGO collimated measurement Full absorption

  20. BGO results • Light yield is strongly non uniform along the crystal distance • Light separates always in the same proportion between left and right sides • Energy resolution • ≈18% (big window) ÷ 24% (small window)

  21. CsI(Tl) 7% at 661 keV 2.5 cm 2.5 cm

  22. to continue with..

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