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Volcanoes

Volcanoes . Ms. scerra. Word Origin. Romans believed in Vulcan, their god of fire. They thought that Vulcan worked at a hot forge, striking sparks as he made swords and armor for the other gods. Hawaiians told legends of the wanderings of Pele, their goddess of fire.

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Volcanoes

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  1. Volcanoes Ms. scerra

  2. Word Origin • Romans believed in Vulcan, their god of fire. • They thought that Vulcan worked at a hot forge, striking sparks as he made swords and armor for the other gods. • Hawaiians told legends of the wanderings of Pele, their goddess of fire. • Pele was chased from her homes by her sister Namaka, goddess of the sea. Pele moved constantly from one Hawaiian island to another, until she settled in the mountain Kilauea. • Kilauea is on the big island of Hawaii and is still active. The islanders believe it is the god Pele.

  3. Volcanic definitions • Magma – melted or molten rock beneath the surface of the earth. • Lava – when magma pours forth on the surface of the earth. • Volcanic eruption – when magma pushes its way up through cracks, holes, or tubes.

  4. A volcano can be 2 things: • A hole in the ground that lava comes through. • A hill or mountain formed by lava. • Mount Rainier – in the state of Washington is a volcano. Has not erupted since 1882. • Mount St. Helens – On March 27, 1980 it started to spout ashes and steam and continued to bring earthquakes each day. • Until Mid-May the mountain began to swell up and crack.

  5. Sunday, May 18 at 8:32am the mountain erupted with an incredible force!!! • The energy released in the eruption was equal to ten million tons of dynamite!! • 60 people lost their lives as hot gases, rocks, and ashes covered an area of 230 square miles. • Hundreds of houses and cabins were destroyed. • Miles of highways, roads, and railways were damaged. • Entire forests were blown down like rows of matchsticks.

  6. Iceland is a volcanic island in the north atlantic • It was formed along the mid-Atlanic Ridge because as magma rose up, it built up and formed an island. • Iceland has over 30 active volcanoes. • The most recent to erupt in 2010, causing flight cancellations for 6 days from the ash.

  7. Most volcanoes and earthquakes are along the edges of the large pacific plate “The Ring of Fire” • Few of the volcanoes are on the edge of the plate. • The only island state of the US is located in the middle of the plate, Hawaii is made from a hot spot.

  8. Hot spots • Develop over a mantle plume and as the plates move over and magma builds up, volcanic islands are created. • http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es0904/es0904page01.cfm

  9. Hawaian eruptions are gentle and create 2 kinds of flows AA – thick, slow moving that hardens into rough tangle of sharp rocks. Pahoehoe – thin, hot quick-moving lava that forms smooth, billowy surface.

  10. Shield Volcanoes • Shaped like an ancient warrior’s shield. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6VfsKoH-ScA • Volcanoes with broad, gentle slopes and built by the eruption of fluid basalt lava. • The largest volcanoes on Earth! Mauna Loa Kilauea

  11. Cinder cone volcanoes • The simplest type of volcano. • They erupt explosively, blowing out burning ashes and cinders. The ashes and cinders build up to form the cone shape. • Most cinder cones have a bowl-shaped crater at the summit and rarely rise more than a thousand feet or so above their surroundings. • Ex: Paracutin in Mexico and Cerro Negro in Nicaragua • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aS_xl3nu_mY

  12. Composite Volcanoes • Symmetrical cones of large dimension built of alternating layers of lava flows, volcanic ash, cinders, blocks, and bombs. • They may rise as much as 8,000 feet above their bases. • Some of the most conspicuous and beautiful mountains in the world • Mount Fuji in Japan, Mount Shasta in California, Mount Hood in Oregon, and Mount St. Helens and Mount Rainier in Washington • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-H_HZVY1tT4&list=TLqcxkD47YpzhA6te8fFiSLMSazYpRW0Np

  13. Really cool video!!! • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DceHEBGVfj4 • Try to list all 10 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4aYQixhdWY4

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