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SALL: 15 years on

SALL: 15 years on. David Gardner & Lindsay Miller. Introduction. 2 studies, 15 yrs apart 1995 study general overview on SALL/SAC in Hong Kong (published 1997) 1995 led to 11 recommendations 2010 study Management of SAC/SALL Comparisons between the studies

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SALL: 15 years on

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  1. SALL: 15 years on David Gardner & Lindsay Miller

  2. Introduction • 2 studies, 15 yrs apart • 1995 study general overview on SALL/SAC in Hong Kong (published 1997) • 1995 led to 11 recommendations • 2010 study Management of SAC/SALL • Comparisons between the studies • Audience participation: What changes have you noticed in the areas we outline?

  3. The 1995 Study • Observations: 5 SACS • Questionnaire: 541 users, 58 tutors • Interviews: 5 Managers, 10 tutors • Focus groups: 50 users • Data: • Attitudes; Effectiveness; Integration; Motivation; Behaviour; Management • Outcome: 11 recommendations

  4. Managers’ project • Translating Principles into Practice: The Role of SAC Managers • Literature review & our perceptions led to research questions • Pilot interview to select areas for review with managers • Invited managers of the SACs in Hong Kong’s tertiary institutes to participate

  5. Managers’ project • Managers sent open questionnaire – Section II: Purpose of the SAC a) Please write (in the box below) something about why your institution has a SAC. We are interested in things like: the functions it fulfills, links to courses, theoretical/practical reasons.

  6. Managers’ project b) Is there a clearly written rationale for the SAC? YES NO c) Is the rationale accessible to all the users? YES NO

  7. Managers’ project Individual manager interviews • Semi-structured interviews (Manager & Researchers, audio taped and transcribed) • Areas of focus emerge • Identified main themes and sent back to managers for further comment.

  8. Relevant Publications • Gardner, D. & Miller, L. (1997) A Study of Tertiary Level Self-Access Centres in Hong Kong. PDQS, City University of Hong Kong: Hong Kong. • Gardner, D. & Miller, L. (2010) Beliefs about Self-Access Learning: Refelctions on 15 years of change. Studies in Self-Access Learning journal, 1 (3). 161-172. • Gardner, D. & Miller, L. (2011) Managing self-access language learning: Principles and practice. System, 39: 78-89.

  9. Comparing Then and Now • SiSAL Journal article • Managers’ beliefs • 4 Major areas • Materials • Integration • Motivation • Effectiveness

  10. Learning Materials • Recommendation 5: SAC managers must conduct a thorough needs analysis, train their tutors in materials writing, and then develop materials which meet users’ needs and wants. (Gardner and Miller, 1997, p119)

  11. Integration of SALL and Classes • Recommendation 8: Links between independent language learning in the SAC and language learning in the classroom need to be developed. (Gardner and Miller, 1997, p121)

  12. Motivation • Recommendation 7: There should be further research into the motivation of SAC users. (Gardner and Miller, 1997, p120)

  13. Effectiveness • Recommendation 10: Innovative ways must be developed to assess the effectiveness of SACs and of self-access learning. (Gardner and Miller, 1997, p122)

  14. Discussion

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